River Channel Change And Its Influence In The Bahekou - New Wild Section Of Baihe River In Historical Period

White River is the largest tributary of Hanjiang River, which flows through Nanyang Basin that has a dense population. White River had a significant impact on agricultural production and commercial prosperity of Nanyang Basin in irrigation and transport in the history. For example:The irrigation capability of White River reduces the threat of drought on agriculture in Nanyang Basin.The advantage of shipping makes Nanyang serve as a communication hub for the north and south of the basin and created a series of prosperous coastal town of White River in Ming and Qing Dynasties.At the same time dense water network for water conservation and small climate regulation also plays an important role in Nanyang Basin. Research on this topic has an important significance for further research of historical periods agricultural, commercial and ecological environment.It also has certain reference with flood control,water conservation, today’s business, economic development and ecological environment construction.This article has collected the literature about White River in the history.In addition to the reference of ancient geography book, the article also made reference to the existing copies in Ming Dynasty,such as Zhengtong《 Nanyang House records》and Wanli《 Nanyang House records》.In the course of the study, I conducted two field trips and found a“Qianlong rebuilt Guanyintang tablets” in the inspection process. This article use more natural geography theory and results in the river’s changing law, the changing scope and the reason analysis. Ancient maps and satellite photos have also been used in this article, such as the old White River, East Village oxbow and Liao river. According to White River soil profile characteristics and the records of combined historical documents,I get a conclusion about the cause and nature of the sand hills in the west of White river. I think White River’s changes which from Yahekou-Xinye in the history could be divided into three sections through Nanyang City and Wadian town:Yahekou- Nanyang : The river is stable in the historical period,consistent with the flow of the river today. The river have partial lateral erosion and swing, but the range is control by the terraces of river in the historical period.Nanyang- Wadian town : The river flowed in historical period were almost same as today and still bound by the terraces. In this section the valley becoming broad, the river had developed meandering river in Han Dynasty and had straightening and lateral erosion phenomenon in last century. Since the new tectonic movement happened, the west of Nanyang Basin rising velocity is faster than the east, so the river has a east swing trend and levee was left on the west of river.Wadian town- Xinye: the river flows through the center sedimentary of Nanyang basin.It’s easy to become a “ ground river”because of the intensive stacking in this section. the river has more phenomenon likes diversion, diversion and burst which attributed to lack of restraint of riverside terrace.It’s also having a east swing trend affected by the new tectonic movement.The segment had more bypass rivers in historical period.Judging from the impact of changes in the river,levees were always existed in the north of the river next to Nanyang City from Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty because of the lateral erosion. The lateral erosion has been strengthened and levees were rebuilt in Ming and Qing Dynasties.The new White river of Xinye became the main river in Kangxi years of Qing Dynasty. But along the river is low-lying, so flood become frequent, which is why the new levees were constructed comprehensively in Kangxi years of Qing Dynasty.The old White river submerged of Xinye in section of the old Cypriot Shirakawa is the direct cause of the Kangxi years of Qing Dynasty which become the reason of the river weir’s decline.Shayan town was a waterway transportation hub in Ming and Qing Dynasties,until the Shunzhi years of Qing Dynasty it was still very prosperous.With the old White River submerged in Kangxi years of Qing Dynasty, Shayan town has gradually for depression.