| Fire load is an important indicator of measureing fire hazard and fire risk of crowded places.Fire has been growing in recent years, resulting in property damage, leading to many people were injured and death, and endangering public safety. Crowded shops have the way they operate store instead of the treasury, increasing fire loads, and the fire risk, dividing crowded shops fire hazard rating based on fire loads is conducive to define the control range of crowded shops fire loads.Beijing belongs to megacity, as our country’s capital, when there is a fire accident occurs, certainly, it will spread to a wide range, and lead to the bad situation. Firstly, it should chose clothing wholesale market as the typical personnel intensive place in Beijing, Visiting 200 shops of Fengtai district, Chaoyang district and Xicheng district, and statistical analysis crowded shops fire load distribution. Secondly, analysis and summary, fire proof partition length-width ratio, evacuation width, shop area, smoke net space height, by investigating 15 fire zones of 10 clothing wholesal markets, such as law, at the same time, building a typical personnel dense clothing wholesale market building mode, according to the code for fire protection design of buildings. Lastly, it should based on the multiple fire scene designs of fire loads, the use of FDS+EVAC software simulation, analysize risk critical time, as well as the critical number(the number of staff without escape). The results showed that: Q <5040MJ, security level, it will cause nobody harm; 5040MJ≤Q≤5328MJ, for I1 dangerous level, it will cause more than one people and less than 10 people harm; Q> 5328 MJ, for I2 dangerous level, it will cause more than 10 people harm. Besides, based on the result, propose suggestions of crowded shops safety operation. |
