Study On Engineering Technology Of Exploitation And Utilization Of Runoff On The Hillsides In Southern Mountain Area Of Ningxia

Drought, water scarcity, water and soil erosion are the key constraint factors for agricultural development and living standard at mountainous area in south part of Ningxia. They are also the common issues at dry and semi-dry areas in China. It is serious water shortage in agricultural production and rural development in one hand; seriously water and soil erosion has caused the losses of plenty of surface runoff in another hand. Through several decades development and rehabilitation, Ningxia southern mountain area has bacome the key part in Ningxia agricultural economy development and ecological environment improvement. However, the problems of drought, water scarcity, water and soil erosion are still not solved completely. With the projects of western part development, implementation of poverty reduction and water saving in mountainous areas, drought, water scarsity, water and soil erosion have become the great obstacle in economy sustainable development in Ningxia southern mountain areas. To solve the mentioned probleme" and increase water rcsourses utilization efficiency have become the key tasks for ecological environment improvement and agricultural development in Ningxia southern mountain areas.This research area has been selected in Caomiao township, Pengyang county, Ningxia southern mountain areas. With combination of investigations, trails and demonstration, local water resourses utilization, existing problems and the potential runoff in sloping field have been analysed. Comments and technical measures have been provided on highly using limited water resources with consideration of local situation. Suitalbe extended technical measures on runoff of sloping field have been studied with optimizing "water collection", "water storage" and "water and soil conservation" which has provided the great contrabution for the ecological environment improvement and sustable water resourses development.In the research on the potential runoff of sloping field, the information on storms, floods, annual precipitation and runoff as well as water and soil conservantion have been collected in the research area. The ratioes of flood and runoff, coefficient of non-contributing runoff of water and soil conservation as well as revised annual runoff in depth have been introduced to set up a model for calculating the potential runoff of sloping field. Technical suggestions and new materials on water collection have been made which will give the contribution for increasing water use efficiency in Ningxia southern mountain area.