Analysis On Vehicles' Collision And Effectiveness Of Crash Avoidance Manner At Road Intersections

An intersection is a meeting place for vehicles, and the accidents occurring at intersections take a big proportion in all of the traffic accidents. Due to its complexity, the intersection traffic safety problem has not been well solved till today.Intersection crashes are mostly caused by peoples' factors. In an urgent case, the first response of a driver is usually to brake or slow. However, this is not always the effective way to avoid a crash, sometimes it even causes a more serious crash. In this paper automotive intersection collision and intersection crash avoidance manner are studied, but pedestrians and non-motor vehicles are not involved in the collisions discussed in this paper.The statistical result of traffic conflict investigation indicated that intersection traffic accidents involve mainly side crashes, turning crashes and rear-end crashes; Left turning crashes are more than right turning crashes; Crashes between going straight vehicles and between going straight vehicles and turning vehicles are the most; The conflict points of crisscross roads are much more than T or Y roads and annular roads; And the accident rate of the intersections without signal control is higher than those with signal control.The collision model of two going straight vehicles which are running in the perpendicular roads meeting at an intersection is first built. The estimating rules of crash occurring and choosing rules of crash avoidance manner are mathematically deduced. 27900 and 28830 samples are tested using computer statistical method. The effectiveness of crash avoidance manner is obtained. As some crashes can not be avoided, so only through integrating automotive passive safety and active safety, vehicle can have more dependable and perfect safety performance.The collision model of the going-straight vehicle and left-turning vehicle at T road is built too. The estimating rules of crash occurring are mathematically deduced. When the velocity and distance of the going straight vehicle are individually set, whether a crash will occur and if it occurs which case it belongs are obtained, and the effectiveness of crash avoidance manner for the going-straight vehicle is also concluded by computer statistical method. Finally, from ITS view, some ideas about how to realize vehicle active crash avoidance at road intersections are suggested.