Study On The Driver Critical Reaction Capability Upon Simulative Environment

The work circumstance of the driver in road traffic system is variable greatly and frequently. With the exception of the static influential factors such as road environment, road brand and machine device, there are plenty of dynamic potential factors which will often result in unexpected accident. These sequences can not be easily perceived in the high speed. So in the variable circumstance the driver must be able to perceive slight alteration before the dangerous status taking place and take proper measure against potential danger. Some studies prove driver reaction time as to urgent case playing an important role in road traffic safety. Yet up to now the studies relating the reaction time are not very sufficient because of the restriction of experiment tool. This paper studies the reaction time of the driver in critical status with driver simulator as the experiment tool. Every influential factor of reaction time has been analyzed and using the mathematical model which represents the relation between reaction time and the influential factors to estimate some sample. This paper chiefly explains: 1. On the basis of reading literature concerning driving behavior in wide range, the severe harm to society due to bad road traffic safety in the past ten years and the trend of the harm to every country in the worldwide in the future is firstly introduced. Secondly, with the consideration of the road traffic system construction, the influence to traffic accident of every factor is analyzed. Furthermore, driver factor is cited as the primary causal factor in traffic accident. The research achievements, study methods and develop trends are also provided. The shortage of home and abroad research concerning driving reaction behavior in critical status is introduced. At last the meaning of the research is discussed. 2. From driving disposal information model, driver reaction time comprises of four elemental parts: sensatory origin perception phase, mental decision-making phase, nerve conduction phase, muscle reaction time. The whole reaction time is susceptible to driving objective environment and driver subjective feeling. Among the influential factors of driver reaction time vehicle speed, gentle, age, driving experience and driving environment are very critical in addition to stimulus characteristics. To gather the information above factors the paper design a questionnaire, quantify the quantitative factors for statistic analysis. 3. According to driving fitness theory, driver reaction slowness causes can be mostly identified by driver's physical and psychological reason besides the abruptness and faintness of information. Driver concentration deviation, perception area inadequacy and poor concentration distribution ability are psychological factors. So the paper measures these factors with driver physical-psychology test system, and the results of these factors have obvious difference among samples. 4. Observation method, real road method and experiment method are the main three research methods. Because experiment method can control experiment condition, eliminate irrespective factors, get accurate data, this method is widely accepted. Simulative experiment can both control many influential factors and provide relative simulative driving environment. This paper studies driver critical reaction capacity with driver simulator. Considering vehicle speed and concrete driving environment influential factors, on the basis of former visual system, the paper respectively designs urgent case at left curve, right road and right curve. At the same time experiment asks samples to drive at different speed. 5. After output the simulator recording data, the driver's reaction time can't be calculated directly for the first reaction point can not be found in the driver behavior curve. To find this point the paper chooses driver steering acceleration curve as the reference curve which can reflect the driver behavior change obviously. Next we calculate the different value of driver avoidance behavior curve, we will find the (most largest absolute figure) point which is just the first reaction time. Then we can get the driver reaction time. 6. In order to find the exact relation between the driver's reaction time and all the influential factors, this paper first pre-treat all the data acquired and then do...