Research On The Time Characteristics Of Drivers’ Stress Response Under The Urban Road Environment

At present, driver’ fault is the main cause of accidents. Among all of the drivers’ qualitydirectly impacting on traffic safety, drivers’ response capability to dangerous situations is oneof the most important factors. Therefore, conducting a thorough and meticulous research onthe drivers’ response behavior to emergency situation would help to provide theoretical basisfor exploring effective ways to reduce the traffic accidents caused by drivers and improvingthe safety and reliability of the road traffic.Based on summarizing the research results on the drivers’ response behavior toemergency situation at home and abroad, combined with the analysis of characteristics andinfluence factors of driver’s stress response, define the perception time, decision-making timeand the operating time as the indexes of drivers’ stress response.According to the traffic characteristics and accident forms under urban trafficenvironment, the traffic simulation test of the drivers’ response behavior to emergencysituation is designed. Drivers’ eye movement data and driving operating data in differentdangerous scenes are collected by using the eye tracker and stress response simulation system.After dealing with the drivers’ eye movement data and driving operating data, therelationship between perception time, decision-making time, operating time, perception-brakereaction time and the driving experience, age, speed is respectively researched. On this basis,the multiple linear regression models between perception time, decision-making time,operating time, perception-brake reaction time and the driving experience, age, speed arecreated and verified.The research results are shown as follows:1. The perception time of experienced drivers is shorter which shows they are easier todetect danger signals. For more comprehensive considerations and calmer operation whenavoiding the danger, the decision-making time and operation time of experienced drivers areslightly longer than inexperienced drivers.2. The perception time of young drivers is the longest, but the decision-making time andoperation time are shorter than young-middle-aged and middle-aged drivers. 3. The relationship between the speed and drivers’ perception time, decision-making timeand operation time respectively is exponential, composite and logarithmic distribution.4. Drivers’ perception time, decision-making time, operation time and perception-braketime all have linear relationship with the influence factors–driving experience, age and speed.The multiple linear regression models can predict the various stages of reaction timementioned above very well.