Study On The Realization Technology Of Scientific Grade CCD Camera For Space Target Detection

In this paper, the principle of the scientific CCD digital camera system and its key techniques in software and hardware design are systematically introduced. This paper has researched a cooled scientific grade CCD digital camera with controllable integration time, readout speed and real time data acquisition.First, we make an introduction of the basic theory of CCD sensor working, and some key conceptions. On this basic, we introduce the hardware design for all the subsystems of our CCD camera in great details. The whole equipment consists of six subsystems: power subsystem, driving subsystem, video signal processing subsystem, interface subsystem, refrigeration subsystem and the optic subsystem. Much study are made on the noise of CCD sensor, both the Correlated-Quadrupole-Sampling and Correlated-Double-Sampling techniques are used in this system. Also, Pilter cooler technique are used to keep the temperature of CCD chip about -20℃, reducing the thermal noise. USB2.0 interface technique is also used to communicate between the camera and host computer. After that, this paper depicts the software design for CCD camera system, including the USB device driver and firmware program.The experiment results indicate that both the hardware and software design of CCD camera are successful.