| With the fast development of the scientific technology, computer, network, and communication technologies take parts gradually in the management of tranffic in cities. It becomes more impotant day by day that leading and controlling the city traffic rationally, scientifically by use of modern science and technique. This is the necessity of traffic administration development of the city. Geographical Information System (abbreviated as GIS), which is together with combining computer figure and database, is developed in a few years. The strong network analysis function is held by GIS. Be regarded as the most crucial network analysis function in GIS, the route planning plays importand role in electronic navigation, transportation traveling, and the design of pipe network in electric power, communication and so on.The characteristic, application domain of GIS is presented in this paper, and the data models of GIS and its function of network analysis are also presented. The route optimization is the process of of city, planning the best travel way in the process of vehicles travel or the travel which based on the chart of road-net. It is obviously that the search of the shortpath is the core of route optimization. To be the most basic question of network analysis and the base of optimized question in many domains, short-path analysis holds the important status in the transportation network analysis system, and has the widespread application in the vehicles guidance system as well as each kind of city emergency system. The classifying of short-path question and the factors which influence the chooseing of shortest path are all showed in this article. And the realized short-path algorithm is also researched thoroughly. Through the process of research, the Dijkstra algorithm is choosed as the short-path algorithm in system of Route Optimization on Road Network in Urban Based on GIS in this paper. The road layer in the electronic map of city is drawn by GIS, and the structure...
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