The Application Of Finite Element Method In Shape Optimizatinon Of Arch Dam

Arch dam is one kind of economic and safe type of dam on the condition of building dam in narrow valley. The superiority of arch dam is more evidence in high dam. In recently, especially in China, the building of arch dam is on the up, so the research on the optimal design for shape of arch dam has modern significance.The optimal design for shape of arch dam is in search of reasonable shape using mathematic programming methods in the condition of given topography, geologic and load acting. At present, there are two methods for stress calculating of the optimal design for shape of arch dam: arch cantilever trial load method and finite element methods. In calculating the stress and the distortion of arch dam, the finite element methods can not only preferably consider the non-uniformity of foundation and the complexity of geological structure, but also can simulate all kinds of complex relationship of material and holes during calculating, so the finite element methods are increasingly used in the design and construction of arch dam. But the results of finite element methods is on the high side in the connect parts of dams and rocks, it is fall short of the facts . The main tasks of this paper are modeling the finite element model of arch dam, load application and doing finite element solution by procedure based on the parameter design language of the finite elemen software, and also optimizing the unified secondary curve arch dam by using optimal module of the finite elemen software. In this paper, the geometrical characteristics parameter of unified secondary curve arch dam taken as design variable, dam's volume taken as objective function, considering the restraint condition of geometric, stress and steady condition, the economic and practical shape is searched out in the condition of the dam's stress and stability against sliding all satisfying the require of criterion. based on the conception of the equivalent stress,the expressions of the equivalent stress was educed. In this optimal design, the macro file for calculating the equivalent stress of arch dam is complied by using the parameter design language of the software, and the optimal design for shape of arch dam using equivalent stress as stress restraint condition is carried out.The optimal design of arch dam based on the finite elemen software, for a series of work of it such as modeling, load application, solution and optimal calculating all can achieve automatically, so it have the high efficiency of solution, compact process and high degree of intelligence. The application of equivalent stress in the optimal design of arch dam gets it having more practical value. The strong after-treatment of the software makes the result observing much more convenience and immediacy by kinds of charts,offer convenience for architect comprehend the stress and displacement of dam.