Design Of Intelligent Charger Based On Single-chip Microprocessor

As the situation of the lack of energy and environment pollution deteriorates rapidly, electric vehicle, a new type of traffic tool, is being researched worldwide. According to the situation of our nation and people's consumption level, the research and development of electric vehicle would have a bright future. As the core components of electric vehicle, the battery and charger's performance plays an important role in the quality of electric vehicle. Therefore, research on intelligent charger in good performance will bring notable economic and social benefit.In order to obtain the good performance, we should find the best charging pattern for the demands of charging technique. Theory and practice show that, the charging pattern, which is composed of trickle current charging, bulk current charging, over charging and float charging, is the best approach now. Meanwhile, the intelligent charger based on Single-chip microprocessor has a lot of advantages, the circuit topology is simple and reliable, the parameters are easily to be adjusted, and the performances such as the short charging time, low energy losses and low malfunction are easily obtained. So it is very important for the design and development of non-polluted and energy-saving electric vehicle and intelligent charger.For the characteristics of four-pattern charging models, the circuit model of Buck converter control system is established; for each charging pattern, the transfer function is obtained; the block diagram of dual close-loop control system is presented, and the parameters of each controller's are calculated in this paper. PI control regulator based on single-chip microprocessor is adopted, and the MPLAB program is used for the controller.The experiment shows that, the intelligent charger based on single-chip microprocessor, can achieve trickle current charging, bulk current charging, over charging and float charging easily; the charger is more effectively, and the short adjusting time is realized. The charging behaviors make battery have good capacitance and a long cycle life, and it can meet complexity charging requirement for different electric vehicles. This charger has a good application future, and provides a new and effective way for improving performance and reliability of the battery.