Study On The Demand-supply Of Taxicabs At Different Times Under Regulation In Large Cities

Urban public transport is very important to the development of large cities and normal life of the people. Being convenient, fast, flexible, comfortable, taxi transport is an important supplement to urban public transport. With the continuous development of large cities, urban traffic congestion problems become increasingly serious. Researchers began to pay attention to the impact of taxi on urban transport; in addition, there is a certain degree of "market failure" in the taxi industry and therefore regulation is needed. From the perspective of urban transport, the demand-supply of taxicabs under regulation is presented in this dissertation.Taking account of the changes of traffic demand at different times, the demand-supply model of taxicabs under regulation is presented in this dissertation from the existing studies. Taking Beijing as an example, a study on demand-supply of taxicabs at different times under regulation is conducted. At last, policy on taxicabs is recommended to improve the relationships between supply and demand.The traffic demand parameter is acceded to the demand function in view of the characteristics of the changes of the traffic demand at different times. In addition, a supply-demand model and the corresponding restrictive conditions are established. Based on that, the characteristics and influential factors of the demand for taxi transport in the peak periods are analyzed on the theoretical level. The following conclusion can be drawn from the theoretical studies: first of all, the demand for taxi transport changes at different times. The demand for taxi transport and the waiting time of passengers increase as well as the ratio of unoccupied taxicabs decreases in the peak periods. Secondly, the increase in normal vehicles would lead to more serious traffic congestion, thereby reducing the demand for taxi transport; at the same time, the increase in normal vehicles would alternate a part of demand for taxi transport. Finally, the increase in travel costs of taxicabs will reduce the demand for taxi transport, shorten the waiting time of passengers and raise the ratio of unoccupied taxicabs.On the basis of theoretical analysis, the city of Beijing is chosen to be observed to analyze demand-supply of taxicabs in large cities, and the research data turn out to support the theory. The following conclusion can be drawn from the case studies: the ratio of taxicabs in the traffic flow and the ratio of unoccupied taxicabs are lower in the peak periods and higher in the other periods. In addition, when the trips of normal vehicles are limited, road traffic congestion evidently relieved and taxi demand increased significantly, at the same time, the ratio of unoccupied taxicabs decreased significantly.Based on preliminary studies, it turns out to be that the contribution of taxicabs to the traffic problem was found to be limited. And it is hard to settle this problem by further controlling the amount of taxicabs. Under the current regulation policies, the taxicab supplies cannot answer the change of demand. Some advice on the improvements of regulation is given. First of all, regulate the behavior of members of agencies through system design and institutional arrangements. Secondly, the government should take relatively flexible regulation measures and conduct appropriate restrictions to normal vehicles in the peak periods. Finally, make taxi operation mechanism perfect and promote application of new technology in the taxi industries to enhance the supply efficiency of taxi market and promote the development of the taxi industry.