| Being a particular cultural institution, the Academy lies to the official and the private learning, with collecting books , emending, teaching in a whole. It complemented the official learning, spread to the civilization and dissemination thought culture on long education history in China. Although being a traditional way of teaching, The Academy has already become past with the passage of the history. Its inside cultural characteristics namely "academy is the Chinese scholars stratum studying cures to learn, gather to speak to learn, dissemination culture thought of place, body now of is the personal status of the Chinese scholar and pursue", make the academy building beat up the scholar construct of print to record, become is different from the type building and the folks building in the officer of another a the type tradition building. The academy building is the thing of the academy culture to turn to carry a body, having teaching, offer sacrifices to, library the complete rules and regulations of three important characteristic "s, the flat surface layout contain strong " Chinese traditional doctrine " characteristic, and pursue the ideal state of "the nature and man unite as one" in the management choose the address moderate breezes view environment.The Shan xi academy architectural culture is the important part of Shan xi civilization. It has associated highly with the development of the society, economy and culture, having a brilliant region characteristic. This paper analyzes the origin, development and changes of Shan xi Academy, based on the background to the Chinese culture. It classifies Shan xi Academy into two, the government-operated academy and the household academy based on the existing examples. It emphasize to commence from the region, go into detail The Shan xi academy ,choosing the address, function layout, building style and decorate arts characteristic etc, as to it's of the deep content make a further analytical research.With the result, The Shan xi academy established in Tang period, rise is clear in the Yuan period, and attain in Qing, expect to decline to keep gradually after Qing dynasty to perish; Is divided in to choose to win in choosing the address and environment to set up but place the environment layout that choose the address and scene to blend, place between the park, create the environment layout of the poetry with place in the city suburb, the environment layout regarding artificial as principle three kinds of method, deeply the body appeared academy the characteristics of this scholar building; The government-operated academy and the household academy, two the place of the current likeness has differentiation again, total to speak the government-operated academy is subjected to an officer to learn influence bigger, learning with mansion, the county learn similar, pay attention to the severe grade and solemn form system, past turn for the mode more. The household academy then is more of reside with the traditional people of the regions to combine together, the body appears the region characteristics and folk style, in the meantime two in offering sacrifices to a way the existence is obvious difference: The government-operated academy mainly offers sacrifices to the Confucius and wise first saint, the household academy then offers sacrifices to the ancestry as lord. In constructing style and decorating an art, The Shanxi academy building performance is simple and cultured, the dimensions is pleasant, being subjected to the characteristic of The Shanxi people's custom and the region style influence.Be a branch of the national academy architectural system, The Shanxi academy buildings reflect its same characteristics, expressing a brilliant and unique region features and special cultural content again in the meantime, have very high research value. |
