Study On The Effectiveness Evaluation Of Traffic Signs Based On Ergonomics

Along with the rapid development of society and economy, road network system improved continuously. It has played a very important role in traffic assignment of various regions and promoting local economic development. Traffic signs, traffic control devices, its purpose is to enable all users to move in an orderly manner, on the one hand it can enhance road safety, on the other hand it increase the efficiency of the current road, it plays a very important role in the road function. But in reality, some of traffic signs'design and set up unreasonable, it seriously affect drivers use the traffic signs correctly and effectively, affect a number of roads providing good services in the road network system, not conducive to the region's communication with the outside word.Based on different research purposes on traffic signs, most of scholars at home or abroad study a few of traffic signs'characteristics, very few analyse the influencing factors about traffic signs from the view of ergonomics, and few people evaluate the effectiveness of traffic signs. From the perspective of ergonomics, let traffic signs consider the feelings of people at the time of taking the service to more users, then help users to obey traffic signs, improving efficiency in the use of signs. As many factors influence and restraints each other in the design and installation of traffic signs, Specially the mutual restraints factors take troubles to the managers who design and install the traffic signs, it lead some roads can't provide comfortable and effective services to users. In response to this situation, this paper relies on the scientific construction project of western transportation,"The research on the recognition and setting effectively of road traffic signs", on the basis of analysing the man-machine system composed by drivers, vehicles, traffic signs, the road environment, the course of handling and processing information will be divided into four phases using markov process theory. Find the factors which impact the transfer of states, extract indexes from the view of ergonomics, then establish the evaluation system to evaluate the effectiveness of traffic signs. Finally apply the methods of ANP and SD software to analyse the problem, make a complex issue divide into various elements and elements group, then ascertain the relations among elements, found a network structure by dominated relations, input comparative data, output the limit super matrix and priorities, provide a series of conclusions and advice for the design and installation of traffic sign. Now, we sum up the main content of the whole paper:ChapterⅠone is exordium. It mainly introduces the researching background, research situation, target, meaning, content and the technique route of this dissertation.ChapterⅡintroduces the theory of ergonomics, on this basis, I found a man-machine systems composed by drivers, vehicles, traffic signs, road environment, elaborated the scope and role of these elements in the system. Analyse the relationship among elements in the man-machine systems.ChapterⅢof this chapter first analyse the process of drivers handling information when drivers use traffic signs using the theory of Markov state transfer method, divide this process into four phases: discovered signs, reading signs, information processing and decision-making, reaction operation. On this basis, analyse the interaction of elements in each phase of the man-machine system. With large-scale survey, select appropriate indexes, then construct a indexes system about evaluating the efficiency of traffic signs. Finally compare several evaluation methods, select appropriate method according to the characteristics of the evaluation system and methods.Chapter IV of this chapter uses the ANP and SD analysis software to evaluate the status of specific sections'traffic signs. Provide some advice to improve on the current situation based on the conclusion.Chapter V is the summary. The main research content are summarized and the problems which need to be researched more deeply are presented.The innovation of the paper:⑴. Construct a man-machine system composed by drivers, vehicles, traffic signs, road environment based on ergonomics, and analyse the system. Then divide the course of handling and processing information into four phases using Markov theory in the man-machine system. ⑵. On the basis of ascertaining the four phases, analyse the characters of state transfer among phases. Based on the previous research results and questionaries, extract relative indexes that affect state transfer from the view of ergonomics, then ascertain the system to evaluate the effectiveness of traffic signs.