Study On The Characteristics Of Traffic Stream And Management Countermeasure At Urban Road Under The Condition Of Snow And Ice

The majority of the northeast, the northwest areas in our courtry all belong to the snow region in winter, and the snow time in some places reach for 3~4 months.The visibility of regions reduce, which are influenced by the snow, snow cover and the ice, sometimes the traffic are blocked when the snow cover is very serious.The concretive expressive form of the damage is that the attached coefficient on the ice snow covered pavements is small, which influence the vehicle gradeability, the brake skidding distance and the vehicles travel stability directly.The urban road has several characters, such as the large vehicle flow, the vehicles interweaves seriously, the pedestrian non-motor vehicle disturbance, the vehicles movement pattern is complex in the intersection and so on, which cause the influence more seriously.The research of traffic stream characters is always one of the most basic and important content in traffic engineering, and it is also the main basis of the road traffic management countermeasure formulation and the effect appraisal. After many year development, traffic flow theory has already form the perfect system, in which the the transportation flowed the theory already to form a more perfect system, in which the most perfect two monographs is the Highway Capacity Manual 2000 and the Traffic Flow Theory. But the traditional research of traffic steam characters all is basede on the result under the condition of the normal weather, and there are no obvious effect under the heavy weather condition. Therefore, the research of traffic steam characters under the special weather are emerging gradually, and a series of achievement of the rich theories and the practice significance has been obtained.Therefore, through the traffic survey of the basic road section and the road intersection, the research object is the urban road traffic steam characters under the condition of snow and ice, and the contrast method is conducted with the normal weather, and discuss the influence regulation of the urban macroscopic and the microscopic traffic steam characters, and propose the pointed management countermeasure as the basis and beneficial reference. The contents of this paper is mainly divided to six part according to the thoughts above.Chapter One: Introduction. The background, the status, the meaning, the content and the thoughts are introduced in briefly.Chapter Two: the survey of traffic flow characters and data collection under the condition of the snow and ice. Including the detailed design of survey programme, the selection of the survey location, the classfication of the snow and ice weather and the method of the data collection and processsing. This chapter is the data base of the paper.Chapter three: the research of traffic flow characters of road section under the conditon of snow and ice. The mode of arriving traffic, the traffic capacity, the speed and the variation characteristics and regulations of the Traffic Flow Parameters under the conditions of snow and ice of road section have been analysed through the measured data. The regression model is established, and the migration of the three Traffic Flow Parameters curve is discribed.Chapter four: the research of traffic flow characters of intersection under the condition of snow and ice. This chapter discribed the vehicle operation characteristics of the intersection and analysed the influence and established the theoretical model, and the basic characters of the pedestrian crossing has been obtained through comparaing the variation regulation of the speed of the pedestrian crossing.Chapter five: the city road and the traffic management countermeasures under the condition of snow and ice. This chapter is mainly about the application of the traffic flow characters of city road under the condition of the snow and ice. The countermeasures of cleaning the snow and ice, the Road Traffic Safety Management Measures, and the Signal-planning Optimal method have been proposed under the support of the traffic flow characters data, which provide the powerful guarante for the traffic management and control under the condition of city disaster weather.Chapter six: the summary of paper. This chapter summarize the research work of the paper, and the questions which is needed to study has been inducted and summaried.