The Research On 3YO Child Occupants' Dynamic Response And Injury Prevention In Side Impact

In vehicle accident, the casualty's rate of children in china is about 2.5 times of European and 2.6 times of the unite States. According to a study done by Williamson et al. (1995/2000), children in the 3-4 years age group account for more passenger fatalities (approximately 45.5%) than any other age group. Because occupants seated on the struck side of a vehicle in a side impact collision (i.e., near-side occupants) are at the highest risk of serious and fatal injuries because of direct loading by the struck door. In order to improve the safety of toddler in car, the research on 3 years old child occupants'injury and protection in side impact has important significance. The aim of this paper is to develop and validate the CRS (child restraint system)model and the rear door assembly model.Applying PSM (Prescribed Structure Motion) sub structure method to study the 3 years old child occupants'dynamic response and injury mechanism in side impact. So it can provide an effective method to improve the safety of child and injury prevention.The CRS model and the rear door assembly model were developed by means of dynamic simulation of multi-body coupling with finite element method. The whole simulation model was validated in accordance with test.On the base of model validation, the paper analysised the influence of relevant parameters of the CRS on children occupant.The paper developed 5-point restraint, the tray shield restraint and the T-shield restraint model.By contrast analysis the 3 years old child occupants'kinematic response and dynamic using the three kinds of CRS at different impact velocity, the preliminary evaluation of the different child seat belt protection effect on the children occupant was obtained.The results of the research as follows:(1) The depth of childseat side wing,the position of childseat seatbelt,the stiffness of childseat seatbelt,the friction coefficient between childseat and bench,the friction coefficient between child dummy and childseat has important influence on children occupant dynamic response. By adjusting the design parameters of CRS could reduce the risk of children occupants in side impact.(2) The tray shield harness has the best performance of protection for child occupants, the five-point harness is better, and the T-shield harness is poor. The research results had reference value on children occupants'injury and technology of injury prevention in china.