Research On Accessibility Of Park In The Mountainous Urban Areas

As the need of urban human-based designing and leisure times approach,the city park bacomes one of the main places for entertainment.The local governments have put more and more attention on the construction of parks,on the one hand,many new parks were built in urban areas; on the other hand,many parks has broke the wall on the purpose of opening the parks to the public for free;These methods,to a certain extent,satisfied the public's physiological and psychological needs.However,the current construction plan of the parks still employ "service radius" as a measure of indicator,which is short of equality and effective valuation for the publics to enjoy the greenbelt in the parks.The situation of some parks being overcrowded,others being overvoided "happened in many urban areas.Accessibility is the relative or absolute degree of easiness or difficulty that people overcome the resistance of space from any point in the space to reach the destination,it reflects the magnitude of the resistance of the space that people have to overcome in the horizontal movement of reaching their destination.Accessibility can be used to guide the construction of parks in the urban area,measure the possibility or potentiality of service that the parks can provide to the publics,and evaluate whether different groups' idea about the accessibility of the parks is fair or not.Park is an important component of urban public green landscape.Some leading scholars in china,such as Yu Kongjian,took Landscape Accessibility as a evaluation benchmark of greenland system in the urban areas.They employed a cost weighted distance analysis(in"Spatial Analyst"module of ARCMAP,traffic density method in each cell and so on,to evaluate the urban green landscape.These research results provided good reference value for the accessibility of the park,but they can only be applied to the urban areas on the plains.The urban areas on the mountains,because of the characteristics of the allocation of land,compared to the urban areas on the plains,is more complex in the topographic conditions and traffic conditions,and these special characteristics have great impact on the accessibility.The accessibility of the parks in the mountain urban areaa and that on the plain urban areas,no mater on influencing factors or methods of evaluation,have shown great differences.China is a mountainous country with great distribution of Park in the mountainous urban area. It is very significant to research on the accessibility of Park in the mountainous urban area. Chongqing is a representative of mountainous cities.It is typical to set the parks in the urban areas of Chongqing as an example to research.Based on the research results on accessibility and investigation in typical Park in the mountainous urban area of Chongqing,this paper has referenced relevant theories of behavior psychology,urban planning,the mountain city,the survey statistics,and mostly discussed the accessibility from the aspects of definition,factors,characteristics,evaluation methods of Park in the mountainous urban area Accessibility and so on.The research includes the following aspects:â… .According to the research of accessibility,the paper has analyzed the concept,the features and the influencing factors of Park in the mountainous urban areas.â…¡.The paper analyzed the influencing factors of the accessibility of the parks,summarized the evaluation methods that Domestic scholars employed on the research of the accessibility of urban green landscape,and pointed out the advantages,disadvantages and scope of application of the evaluation methods.The parks' influencing factors of accessibility is deeply analyzed from the four aspects: visitors' habit,urban transportation systems,allocation of land and attraction of parks.Weighted by the cost method,rid traffic density,traffic system classification to calculate weights of the plain cities are summed up.500 meters is trait can be seen as the regional approach.â…¢.Taking the typical Park in the mountainous urban areas in Chongqing as examples,the characteristics of the influencing factors of Park in the mountainous urban area have been deeply analyzed.In conjunction with the characteristics of influenceing factors in Park in the mountainous urban area,the appropriate evaluation model of Park in the mountainous urban areas was educed.By researching the questionnaire of accessibility in Beibei Park and Nanshan Botanic Garden and the visitors' density distribution of Beibei park,the differences in the aspects of visitors,type of travel and economic costs of travel in general exoteric parks and other kinds of parkshad been proved,and it was tested that not "service radius" but accessibility should be used as the standard of planning in parks especially in Park in the mountainous urban areas.It showed the relationship among the accessibility of the parks,transportation,urban land use types etc.It also showed the speciality of the influencing factors of the accessibility of the parks in the mountainous urban areas that caused by the special mountainous landform,such as the park entrance being the regional,the relationship between the distance of the two points and the actual cost of the travel,th situation of urban physiognomy disseverence,etc.On the basis of evaluation methods that Domestic scholars have reseached on urban green landscape accessibility and the characteristics of the influencing factors in Park in the mountainous urban area.,by toot system,the site of the bus,the number of transfering,resistance of Park in the mountainous urban areas' accessibility was calculated.The entrance is the regional approach.As Park in the mountainous urban areas and other urban public green landscape are both competitive, this evaluation should assess on the accessibility of green landscape in the mountainous city.â…£.The conclusion,innovation and the development prospects have been summed up and summarized in this paper.