The Designing Of Automatic Flat System And Subsidiary Function Of Loader Buckets

With the rapidly development of technology, Mechatronics as an advanced technology has been widely used in all kinds of engineering machinery in recent years. The loader is an important branch of engineering machinery, is one of the main machinery in bulk cargo constructed of engineering construction. However, the scooping of the loaders'are mainly completed by the operator manipulate the handle to completed at present. The process is cockamamie, operator's labor intensity is very large and the efficiency is relatively low. For this problem, by increasing the automatic flat system of loader attachments that achieve flat of bucket in raises simplifies the process in a way and reduces the operator intensity of working in this paper.The main idea of this article is link the mechatronics, use automatic flat system to revise the angle of bucket basis device state in time so that it can automatically adapt to rugged road surface conditions. This will not only be able to reduce the working intensity, and more important is to be able to improve accuracy and efficiency of working, achievement the purpose of the working device partial automation.The main research as the following:1,Established a mathematical model of the working device. Fined the relation of movable arm cylinder and rotating bucket cylinder's length with bucket state and extended it to the case in the slope and obtained formula in non-horizontal that can be used in designing as a theory.2,Make a in-depth research for electrohydraulic proportional valve. Change part of hydraulic system to adapt to automatic flat system, use electrohydraulic proportional valve instead of ordinary valve and obtain the relation of duty-cycle and flow that make MCU can control hydraulic system through sending PWM Signals and use of variable pump to meet the system automatically flat in the time of movable arm lifting. Using sensors to collect the bucket position and angle and drive electrohydraulic proportional valve by compared real angle with theory angle difference in further to control rotating bucket cylinder's length.3,For the automatic flat system circuit of loader attachments make a design and analyze the working principle. The control system has satisfactory function at a low cost through selecting proper component. Using optoelectronic isolator realized external electrical isolation and enhances anti-interference ability of the system. The system set up serial port for update later and fulfils human-computer interaction by using button and potentiometer.4,For the first time offering divided work area into low areas, high areas and temporary high areas, Using FIFO method update numbers and defined a flag. The series of methods making the automatic control system have the capacity of district the automatic control areas. The system can avoid the wrong actions through partition the five kinds condition only depend on the numbers in array and the flag.5,Using the most popular software Keil C51 to write program. It can get simple and high efficiency. To the part of design of system makes emulation through allied with Proteus.6,The system has man-machine interface can freely switch between manual and automatic control and be able to check up numbers because designed a data checking function. It can also be turned to manual control when the warning-led is opened up if the system should be found wrong. The pattern incarnates the fundamental that manual control is more important than automatic control.