Study Of The Sediment Measuring System In Surface Runoff Based On LABVIEW

Soil erosion problem of human survival and development pose a serious threat, and has aroused the concern of all countries in the world. Research on soil erosion rule, accurate monitoring, forecasting regional soil erosion, efforts to strengthen governance, improve and restore the damaged ecological environment, so as to achieve sustainable economic and social development to have the vital significance. At present, China's soil erosion area of monitoring tools and testing equipment are lagging behind ,so we should be in line with the national conditions of China's advanced test equipment and software systems to meet the needs of China's soil erosion research and monitoring work of the accumulated first-hand observational data required, Only then we can carry on the basis of scientific data processing and modeling.Surface runoff sediment concentration of surface soil erosion is to examine the important parameters of the law, but also the dynamic of soil erosion monitoring network of the basic data. Therefore, the application of modern high-speed development of science and technology, the use of accurate methods to measure runoff sediment concentration, runoff sediment concentration measurements to resolve the current problems existing in our country improve soil erosion monitoring capability, has very important significance.This article based LABVIEW the surface runoff sediment concentration measurement system as the research object, the use of a forked and single piece plane capacitance sensor, wireless transmission technology, artificial neural network technology, virtual instrument technology, artificial intelligence methods to measure the surface runoff sediment concentration, improve the system accuracy. The main job is as follows:1,Under the surface runoff sediment concentration measurement system requirements, system structure of functional modules, including input and signal conditioning modules, wireless transmission module, control module and serial communication module. And the main components: capacitive sensors, temperature sensors, nRF wireless transceiver modules, data communication RS-232 module, single-chip control system, such as parts of a specific design and analysis. 2,Capacitance sensor of the sensor head to improve the design of the forked and single piece plane capacitance sensor, the theoretical analysis of the reasonableness of the sensor structure and its feasibility. In order to meet the requirements of dynamic measurement to overcome the traditional parallel plate capacitance sensor disadvantage to the two plate capacitance sensor on the same plane. Bipolar plate is located above the plane that constitutes the sensor range, the plane known as the measurement surface. Sediment will be tested in parallel on the top plate, so that sediment on the job has changed the range of dielectric constant, that is, changing the size of electric capacity, so the capacitance value of capacitance sensor and the sediment formed between identified function relations and, thus, be able to detect the sediment.3,System wireless module to achieve data transmission method. NRF905 used as a wireless transceiver chip implementation of wireless data transmission module is compatible with the PC serial communication. Application of this technology so that the data transmission system is not only efficient, but simple structure, easy to operate.4,The use of artificial neural network to predict surface runoff sediment concentration, in accordance with input capacitance and temperature sensor signals to predict the sediment concentration, through the study of known samples, improve the system to identify the target parameters, and obtain higher accuracy prediction results.5,LABVIEW graphical language used to develop surface runoff sediment concentration measurement system, including parameter settings, data acquisition, sediment concentration prediction and data management. The system software using a powerful computer data processing, storage and graphics environment set up a graphical interface, the completion of data collection, data analysis, storage and display features.6,At the completion of the system's software, hardware design and debugging control circuit based on the experimental system performance. The results show that the system uses the BP neural network has strong ability of runoff sediment concentration prediction.In this paper, and will realize a forked and single piece plane capacitance sensor, wireless data acquisition modules and BP neural network technique applied to surface runoff sediment concentration measurement of the concept, research LABVIEW based on the surface runoff sediment concentration measurement system, and Experiments show the system performance. The systematic study for the further development of a strong adaptability, data integration, and transformation of high precision, be able to carry out rapid acquisition, processing, intelligent user-friendly surface runoff sediment concentration measurement system has laid a foundation.