The Research Of Integral Body Of Spine-style Keel

In the modern life, the bus which often shipps people to work or to play, takes over the city's urban public transport. During a period of time from now on, the foucs of people's attention is the urban public transport. And as the developing of the public transport, it needs plenty of buses. So, the space of bus'developing is more and more larger. During the bus's design and manufacture, weightlighting is the one of the most important work.The lightweight of bus include structural lightweight, components lightweight and so on. Lightweight structure is the main measure of the bus'lightweight. It can not only reduces the energy consumption of bus and the pollution emissions, but also saves the steel and reduces the manufacturing costs. So, the lightweight of bus structure is essential.The main load-bearing structure of bus are frame and chassis structure, and their quality and structure-style have direct impacts on the life of the body and vehicle performance (power, economy, handling stability). So during the design process, while frame and chassis can meet the requirements of stiffness, strength, comfort, security, technology requirements of structural factors, they should reduce their quality and manufacture costs as far as possible.This article carries on the bus analysis from the bus lightweight and is divided into five chapters, the main contents are as follows:From the perspective of the overall, the first chapter outlines the development trends of the lightweight structure of bus at home and abroad, and briefly introduced the main contents of this article.Chapter II summarizes the relevant theory of the bus, and on the basis of these theory and finite element method, this paper design a new bus structure. The paper analysis mechanical properties of structure for truss structure which used in bus classis and the result is that truss structure carries bus'load by the bar's bending deformation.but the mechanical properties of bar is that it's anti-bending deformation is poor and it's anti-tensile deformation is strong. So the paper proposes a new structure:the structure of spine-type keel.this structure use braces reasonably,carries load by the tensile deformation of bar.and at the same time,this paper carries the finite element analysis and according to the result, the improvement have been made. The way which the design and the finite element anlysis have parallelly been carried could reduce the time of product development cycle,improve the reliability of structure.the structure which has been improved is gave to the manufacture to engineering design,and is maded.the structure which has been improved is called trail structure.Chapter III does a finite element analysis of the structure and designed two experiments to verify that the element analysis about this structure is reasonable. As the structure that the factory designed, the detailed finite element analysis is carried out and the result is conlusioned.According to the structural model, using the Test equipments which the lab has and combined with the method which the author studies, the article designed two tests, they are stress tests and stiffness tests in torsion condition. Test results are as follows: The measured stiffness and stiffness simulation are at about 10% error in the torsion stiffness test and it can be accepted. The measured stress and analog stress are at about 20% in the reverse condition. These conlusions show that the element analysis could be accepted. The article analysis the keel structure of spine type, and verify the reasonable of the element analysis, show that he keel structure of spine type is rational, and should be used to the bus design.Chapter IV proposed the other two structures on the unreasonable places of trial structure. They are flat floor structure and concave floor structure. This paper does a finite element analysis of the two structures and compared the three models from structural strength, stiffness, brake strength, modal and window deformation, get a reasonable assessment and is available to manufacturers.Chapter V has done a comprehensive summary of the previous four chapters. In this paper, the methodwhich the structure design and finite element method are carried on the same time, and combined with tests verification of the design is reasonable, and can effectively save time, improve the reliability of the structure. In this paper, the structure of the spine-style keel reduce the vehicle's quality ,and at the same time, through the analysis we can see that this is a new reasonable bus structure.