A Study Of Damage Assessment Criteria And Methods On Marine Ecosystem From Oil Spill

With the raising of consciousness of environment protection, more attentions have been paid on the damage to ecosystem for oil spill at sea. The oil spill ecological damage assessment can not only analyze the damage to ecosystem, but also provide a basis for marine oil spill compensation. At present, there are no damage assessment criteria and uniform assessment methods. So assessing the ecological damage of oil spill will have a positive practical significance.First, the pollution and damage of spilled oil, the existing methods and models for oil spill damage assessment are analyzed. The standard method for the assessment of oil spill ecological damage is established based on existing research results.Then the marine ecosystem services are classified and the different types of marine ecosystems and the average public value are discussed. Based on the changes of marine ecosystem's health and the sensitivity of oil spill area, the loss rate of marine ecosystem service is calculated. According to the oil spill pollution area and the average public value, the total loss for the value of ecosystem services is calculated. Based on the fact that oil spill concentration will be changed by different time and water depth, different marine lives and different damages are considered.Take the oil spill by "Tasman Sea" in Bohai Bay as an example, assessing the total damage to ecosystem, the validity and feasibility of assessment to marine ecosystem service and marine life was finally practiced. The damage to ocean environment capacity, tidal zone and seabed sediment is calculated by using the existing formula and theory. The total damage assessment for the oil spill accident is finally completed.In the end, the paper gets the conclusions of the study, analyzes the deficiency and gives the view of the aim of the research, hoping that the most scientific and reasonable ways of assessment of ecosystem damage for oil spill can be found.