Studies Of Emergency Evacuation Strategies Based On Kinematic Wave Models Of Network Vehicular Traffic

Human society is suffering more and more disasters. Natural disasters and societal disasters may cause severe damage. When a disaster happened, it is necessary to evacuate people out of a hazard zone. At this time, the extent of the damage is associated with the efficient and reliability of the transportation system.Therefore, it is important and meaningful to research the emergency traffic and develop emergency evacuation strategy. Based on the goal, we first introduce some basic knowledge of traffic flow, and introduce some classic traffic model. On this basis, this paper has done the following research work:1. Analyze the emergency transportation system, and set a model to the transportation system. Our model is based on kinematic wave model; the model can provide a foundation to the evacuation strategies. And also the model can catch the shock wave and rarefaction wave which exist in traffic.2. Design an effectiveness measurement factor. In this paper, we use cumulative flow to measure the effectiveness of an evacuation plan.3. Present two evacuation strategies, one is offline, the other is dynamic. In this paper, the strategies focus on the turning proportions in the intersections, we aim to obtain an optimal proportion set, so that the transportation system can be fully utilized, and more people can evacuate from dangerous area. In regard to the dynamic strategy, the strategy is based on the factor of supply.4. In regard to the offline optimal strategy, the decision variables of the strategy can be obtained by a genetic algorithm.By the works of above, we did a simulation to a simple transportation network; the simulation result shows that our model and strategies are effective. In the last section of this paper, we conclude our study with some remarks and further studies.