The Exploration Of Middle And Primary Schools'disaster Prevention And Evacuation Design

China is a country prone to disasters. The middle and primary school because of its specificity, is often a weak link in disaster prevention. At the same time, the school as a livelihood building, they often do not get enough attention, especially in underdeveloped areas. In 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake, many schools badly damaged, captured to many young lives. On the contrary, around the world developed other disaster-prone areas, such as Japan, Taiwan and so on, middle and primary schools not only have good disaster prevention capabilities, but also the"The first shelter". It can be seen that our country research in the field of middle and primary school still has the certain gap with current situation and the developed region. Recently, China has also researched the city's comprehensive disaster prevention and emergency shelter, and safety design of large public buildings and so on. However, the study schools is relatively small. After 5.12 the earthquake, disaster prevention and evacuation function of schools received wide attention,and the central government has also stepped up schools the introduction of relevant laws and regulations.Based on the background, this thesis to study schools, to improve the ability of schools to withstand disasters, and to provide a safe shelter for community, increase schools'efficiency as the goal. This paper improves the traditional research methods. This thesis combined with the reality of China's middle and primary school development, full use of various disaster prevention measures for common species, integrated of related design elements, clarity level, under limite conditions, attempt to find the most effective and comprehensive prevention strategy. Thesis focused on the following elements:First, the thesis start from a realistic analysis of our disaster, and the development and status of middle and primary schools, and analyze the situation in related fields in developed areas, described the design of schools'disaster prevention practical significance.Secondly, the thesis from the disaster theory, the theory of psychology and behavior of asylum and refuge of the city system, analyze the schools disaster,psychology and behavior irefuge of students and schools as refuges for evacuation.Third, this thesis study from three levels.At the macro level, this paper analyze the principle of the school setting, service and capacity; in the concept level, this thesis analyze the site design and architecture design; at the micro level, this thesis analyze the relevant elements of disaster prevention.Finally, this thesis obtained the refuge design strategy of middle and primary schools prevention under the layer-depth study, and put forward some ideas and suggestions, and prospected related research.