Effect Of Sowing Date And Fertilizer On Sorghum Yield And Quality

To explore the effects of planting dates, fertilizer and density on the yield and quality ofdifferent types of sorghum. In2013～2014, we screeed the sorghum varieties at “He-Ping”pastures of Heilongjiang Province, and studide on the planting dates, fertilizer and density whichwere suitable for planting sorghum. Screen out the heigh yield variety:the grain sorghum ofLongza16and the brew of sorghum of Longza5. Use the Longza16as test varieties, setting3planting time(May8、May18、May28); Use the Longza16and Longza5as test varieties, setting5different fertilizations:375kg·hm-2(N:P:K=1:0.7:0.4),375kg·hm-2(N:P:K=1:0.7:0.8),375kg·hm-2(N:P:K=1:0.7:1.6),750kg·hm-2(N:P:K=1:0.7:0.8),750kg·hm-2(N:P:K=1:0.7:1.6);4different plant-ing densities of9.6ten housand·hm-2,10.9ten thousand·hm-2,12.8ten thousand·hm-2,15.4tenthousand·hm-2. The main results are as follows:Among the19tested varieties, the whole growth period of Longza16was shorter, it’s yieldwas significantly higher than other varieties, starch content was higher, and tannin content is low.It’s a grain quality varieties. Tannin and starch content of Longza5were higher, next toLongza16and higher than CK, but were not significantly, it is a brewage model has high quality.As increasing the temperature and humidity of soil, the SPAD,Pn and amount of dry matteraccumulated of one sample is decline,the yield and LAI of group is increase.In May28th(Average soil temperature19.8℃, soil water content54%) yield is higher.In the seedingappropriate the temperature and humidity of soil is the guarantee of sorghum seedling emergencerate, Reduce the cost and one of the main ways to obtain high yield and a postulate to ensurehigh and stable yield of sorghum.Effects of different fertilizer application was significant on yield of grain sorghum.Fertil-ization of750kg·hm-2(N:P:K=1:0.7:1.6) under the yield is significantly higher than theother fertilizer proportions.With the application rate is doubled, the yield increasing. In theamount of fertilizer375kg·hm-2and different proportion of fertilizer conditions, no significantdifference of yield. Different planting density also has significant effect on yield, performance isincreased with the increase of density,yield on15.4ten thousand·hm-2density is the highest. TheCrude protein and Crude fat in the amount of fertilizer750kg·hm-2(N:P:K=1:0.7:1.6) and thedensity of15.4ten thousand·hm-2content is higher, and the yield was significantly higher thanother treatments, regard as this cultivation mode for grain sorghum Longza16.Different fertilizer quantity and density have significant effects on the brewing Sorghumyield which in the amount of fertilizer375kg·hm-2(N:P:K=1:0.7:1.6)the highest yield.Thedoubling condition in the fertilizer amount,the yield decreased.The amount of fertilizer under the same conditions,with the ratio of potassium increased yield upward trend. Different plantingdensity also has significant effect on the yield.The fertilization amount375kg·hm-2(N:P:K=1:0.7:1.6) and the density of15.4ten thousand hm-2cultivation conditions the higher yield, andthe higher content of starch, tannin content, regard as the cultivation method for brewingsorghum Longza5.