Study On Evaluation Of Germplasm And Inheritance Of Main Characters In Flat Peach

This paper studied the bloom date, bloom type, pollen fertility, fruit develop period and fruit traits of 21 varieties in flat peach, and inheritance of fruit shape, fruit weight, flavor, ripening date and pollen fertility involving flat peach from 13 crosses. The following results were obtained: I. Flat peach bloom earier than other peach. All the varieties were showy flowers with pistle lower than stamen. Most varieties haci fertile pollen except Roupantao and Wanpantao. 2. 71.4 percent of the flat peach varieties?soluable solids were between 12.0 and 14.0 percent. 61.9 percent of the flat peach varieties?soluable sugar were between 9.01 and 10.69 percent. 52.4 percent of the flat peach varieties抰itratable acidity were between 0.20 and 0.30 percent. Most varieties taste sweet. 3. The flesh of flat peach from north china was non-melting and hard- melting, while those from south china was soft-melting. With the exception of Huangjinpantao and Huangroupantao ,all the other varieties were white-fleshed. Most varieties ripen between 106 and 115 days, 121 and 130 days after full bloom. 4. Fruit shape was controlled by a pair of alleles with saucer gene S was completely dominant to non-saucer gene s. The genotypes of flat peach was Sasa. It was impossible to get new type of flat peach by crossing peach and flat peach. 5. Pollen fertility was contralled by a pair of alleles with fertile (Ps) dominant to sterile (ps). All the flat peach varieties used as parents in this paper contain the sterile gene ps. The number of progeny with fertile pollen was evidently more than those with sterile pollen in crosses having Zaokuimi as parent. 6. Size of flat peach was controlled by several genes. The heritability was 0.49. Different varieties and different cross combination ability affect the size of the offspring. 7 Flat offsprings had four flavor type: sweet, sweet-sour, sour-sweet, and 2 sour. Most of them have sweet flavor. 8. Ripening of flat peach was a quantitative trait and controlled by major genes and modifying factors. The heritability was 0 85, and there existed significant transgressive inheritance. The ripening distribution of offspring may be affected by different cross combination.