Evaluation And Identification Of Cigar Germplasm Resources

Shifang,located in the northwest of Chengdu Plain,belongs to the subtropical humid climate area,with mild climate,abundant sunshine and rainfall throughout the year.The soil belongs to purple soil type,and most of the tobacco planting areas are new alluvial oil sand soil with high fertility and rich mineral hard oxygen elements,which is very suitable for tobacco growth.In this experiment,201 introduced varieties were used as the experimental materials.Through collecting the agronomic characters of different varieties,describing and recording the botanical characters,growth period,investigating the occurrence of diseases,using cluster analysis,simple statistics,variance analysis and other methods,the germplasm resources of Deyang cigar tobacco were systematically identified and evaluated in terms of agronomic characters,disease resistance and other aspects,so as to find out the background of resources,It is also the basic work for the follow-up breeding of new varieties of Deyang cigar tobacco.The main results are as follows:1.Through variance analysis and descriptive statistical analysis,we can see that there are significant differences in plant height,stem circumference,pitch,leaf number,leaf length,leaf width,angle between main and lateral veins,number of veins,thickness of leaf tip,thickness of vein base,apex,middle and base of main vein,It can be seen that there are rich variations in agronomic characters among germplasm.The variation coefficient of each agronomic character is between 9.43% and 23.13%,among which the variation coefficient of the thickness and fineness of the branch at the base of the leaf is the largest 23.13%.All materials are divided into three categories by cluster analysis.The first category is 21 varieties including Dexue 1 and Dexue 3,accounting for 10.4% of the total resources,characterized by high plant shape and full plant height All of them are over 190 cm,with large leaves,large stem girth,large number of leaves,moderate pitch,thick main vein of leaves and moderate thickness of leaves.The characteristics of the varieties summarized are mostly tower shaped,flat leaves,long elliptical leaves,acumen,microwave edge of leaves,green leaves and moderate ear.88 materials of the second kind,accounting for 43.8% of the total resources,are characterized by shorter plant height,smaller pitch and stem circumference,thinner main vein of leaves,smaller leaves and fewer leaves.The summarized varieties are characterized by olive shape,flat leaves,long oval leaves,gradually sharp,microwave edge of leaves,green leaves and large ears.The third type is 92,accounting for 45.8% of the total resources.The characters are between them,but the pitch and stem circumference are the largest.The characteristics of the varieties are mostly barrel shaped,flat leaves,long oval leaves,gradually sharp,the edge of the leaves is microwave,the color of the leaves is green,and the ears are small.Among them,the characteristics of botanical characters are mostly tower shape,flat leaves,long oval leaves,gradual tip,microwave at the edge of leaves,green leaves and moderate leaves.2.Through the investigation and identification of 4 main diseases,namely brown spot,bacterial wilt,potato virus Y and black shank,the incidence rate and disease index of all materials were calculated and statistically selected from 201 materials:brown spot disease has 77 resistance resources and 124 immune resources.There are12 resistant resources and 189 immune resources of bacterial wilt.Potato Y virus has74 resistant resources and 127 immune resources.There are 35 resistant resources and166 immune resources.Then 22 varieties were identified as immune to 4 diseases,including 20402042052,Connecticut broad leaf,copus pobrecene no.1241,dirojuio fans No.361,e 18,friedrichstaier,Havana 10,Havana 211,Havana Connecticut,Manila,Mont calme brun,pennbel 69,anonymous cigar,Conn Shade,H423,CA0702,CA0703,CA0711,CA0712。 Most of the characters of the leaves of these varieties are long ellipse,flat,tip gradually,edge microwave,green and middle ear.These varieties can be used for disease resistance breeding.Several materials with strong resistance to disease were identified,which laid a foundation for the selection of high quality resistant materials.3.By analyzing the records and data of growth period,oosikappal,112-117422(kedoe hybrid 43),scafati,segedinska were selected Ruca,Dexue 2,olor,Laifeng h382,Hainan-1(suspected h382),ca0702,Dominica long core,Dominica short core,Nicaragua long core,cs0709,small group leaf,Tangpeng,Jiangyou tobacco,mushai89-23-1,Maoyan Shiyan 1,Songyang,4,Basma liovina and other 22 materials.Most of the leaf properties of all materials are long ellipse and flat The leaves are gradually pointed,with microwave edge,green color,middle ear and no petiole.The results showed that the suitable growth period had a great influence on the quality of tobacco.Based on the main varieties,we recorded the budding period,central flowering period and capsule maturity period of the experimental materials,calculated the nutrition cycle,and screened out the materials with the best nutrition cycle.4.Based on the investigation and analysis of agronomic characters,diseases,botanical characters and growth period,the main varieties were selected as the selection criteria,and the above germplasm resources were initially established as the materials suitable for the next stage of screening.