| The genetic diversity of the Chinese local pig varieties (ie: Wu zhishan miniature pig, Diannan xiaoer, Guizhou miniature pig and its inbreeding strain, Bama miniature pig of inbreeding strain, Rongchang, Yimenghei, Hanzhonghei, Erhualian and Jinhua) were analyzed by microsatellite marker. The genetic relationship and the inbreeding coefficient on 10 populations (including 8 nature populations and 2 inbreeding populations) were analyzed and evaluated for the first time. The results were showed that:1. The analysis of the genetic variation on 10 local pig populations1.1 8 of 10 microsatellite loci were high diversity except that S0003 locus was single in the 7 populations, and Sw790 was medium. It was found that the 10 microsatellite loci had 153 allelic. Sw769 had the great number (23 allelic) among the 10 microsatellite loci, S0003 was the fewest (5 allelic), and the average allelic of each locus was 15.3. 198bp band of IGF-1, 148bp of Sw769 could be seen as the characteristic bands of Bama miniature pig, 281bp and 148bp of S0005 as the characteristic bands of Rongchang and Diannan xiaoer.1.2 Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test showed that: all the breeds were not in genetic equilibrium except for Bama miniature pig in Sw781 locus, and Diannan xiaoer, Erhualian, Jinhua and Yimenghei were in genetic equilibrium in IGF-1 but not others.1.3 The locus average heterozygosity was between 0.4561 and 0.6184 of the 10 populations, and average polymorphism information content between 0.4241 and 0.6184, and the average effective numbers of allelic between 0.2495 and 3.7573. All these indicated that the genetic diversity of Chinese local pigs was higher.1.4 The 10 breeds were divided into 3 clusters by NJ phylogenetic from Nei' s genetic distance. The first cluster was Guizhou miniature pig and its inbreeding lines, Diannan xiaoer and Wuzhishan miniature pig. The second Yimenghei, Hanzhonghei and Rongchang. The third Erhualia, Jinhuan and Bama miniature pig. But 4 clusters were divided by UPGMA phylogenetic from Nei's genetic distance. The first was Hanzhonghei and its inbreeding strain, Wuzhishan miniature pig, Erhualian and Diannan xiaoer. The secondHanzhonghei, Yimenghei and Rongchang. The third Jinhua and the forth Bama miniature pig. And 4 clusters were divided NJ phylogenetic from Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards genetic distance. Firstly, Guizhou miniature pig and its inbreeding line and Rongchang. Secondly, Erhualian, Jinhua and Bama miniature pig. Thirdly, Hanzhonghei and Yimenghei. Fourthly, Wuzhishan miniature pig and Diannan xiaoer. UPGMA phylogenetic from the second distance was that: The first cluster was Wuzhishan miniature pig, Yimenghei, Guizhou miniature pig and its inbreeding strain, Rongchang and Erhualian. Hanzhonghei, Diannan xiaoer, Jinhua and Bama miniature pig belonged to a cluster respectively. The results from 2 different distances were compared that the NJ phylogenetic from Nei's genetic distance was more accurate than any other results. The result was agreed with the before results from productivity, phenotype and blood protein. Bama miniature pig didn't accord with its geography distribution. Perhaps the difference was caused by its inbreeding cultivation.2. Inbreeding analysis of 10 breeds2.1 The inbreeding coefficients of the random mating populations were lower. That of Guizhou miniature pig was the highest (0.1992) in the 8 breeds, and Rongchang the lowest (0.0727). The inbreeding degree of miniature pigs was higher than other 5 local pigs. F test showed that the inbreeding coefficient difference was not significant in each breeds.2.2 The inbreeding coefficient of the Guizhou miniature pig and Bama miniature pig inbreeding lines was 0.5907 and 0.4761 respectively. It indicated that the inbreeding degree of 2 inbreeding lines was higher.
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