Variation Of Pre-harvest Sprouting Resistance Of Wheat Variety In The Southern Winter Wheat Region And Partial Spring Wheat Region Of China

Pre-harvest sprouting of wheat not only results in decreasing of grain yield but also affects flour quality and seed value next year and so on. In recent years, the increasing of atmosphere moisture and development of white-grained wheat makes the Pre-harvest sprouting of wheat more and more serious. In this study, variation Pre-harvest sprouting resistance of varieties in Southwest , Yangtse River winter wheat region and Northeast spring wheat region were researched with 345 leading varieties since 1950s' by testing the germination percentage of grain , falling number and -amylase activity. The results were as follows:1. The germination percentage was negatively and significantly correlated with falling number.2. The Pre-harvest sprouting resistance of wheat had the interactive effect between genotype and environment.3. Generally, the Pre-harvest sprouting resistance showed the decreasing trend since 1950s' for wheat varieties grown in three wheat regions.4. Several wheat varieties with lower germination percentage and higher falling number were discovered; These were Baikezao NO. 2, Chuanmaill, Chuan1900-93-0-4-6, Mian84-304, Neijiangl46, SW95-16117, Chuanyu21526, Mian79-2, Mianyang64-39, Mianyangll5, Mianyang68-28, Chuanyu2179, Kehua, Chuanful6-7, Chuanyu21646, Chuanyu21729; SonghuajiangNO. 1, Kefeng, Kequan, Songhuajiang NO. 7, BaimangZM340, Kehan NO. 5, Bamengmai NO. 2, Shen68-71, Kefeng NO. 4, FronTana, kejin NO. 6, Daqingmang, Liaochun NO. 1, Tiechun NO. 1, Longfumai NO. 5, Longfumai NO. 9;5. Variation of a -amylase activity was determined during grain germination, a -amylase-1 was firstly synthesized in the beginning of the germination, then, a -amylase-2 was also synthesized. Moreover, it was still high until the eighth day.6. Three wheat varieties were discovered containing LMA, They were Yiyuan NO. 2, Email4, Kehui and grown in Southwest, Yangtse River winter wheat region and Northeast spring wheat region, respectively; The large variation of these varieties in falling number suggested that the expression of LMA had interactive effect between genotype and environment.