| The development of modern medicine is closely connected with the use of antibiotics. More than 100 species of antibiotics we use frequently. To produce antibiotics massively, We use soybean cake, starch, powder of corn and so on as raw material of fermentation. A large amount of organic sediment form when antibiotics is produced.In this studying project we use the sediment produced in the production of erythromycin, one of antibiotics, as studying material. The chemical composition and physiological toxicity of the sediment is tested. The craft to make the vegetable eco-fertilizer using the sediment as part of raw material is researched. The effect and the suitable application amount of vegetable eco-fertilizer in tomato, turnip, summer green, and autumn green field are also studied. The major result is as follows:1. The sediment consists of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and other nutrient elements. The content of Zn in the sediment is about half the that of ZnSO47H2O. The content of Pb, Cd, Hg, and As is lower than that in manure. The application of the eco-fertilizer made from the sediment and the chemical fertilizers will make it possible to eliminate the pollution caused by the sediment to the environment and to use the sediment more effectively. The eco-fertilizer will help to develop the fertility of soil, promote the growth of vegetable, and combine the feature of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer.2. To prevent the pollution of volatile materials, the fume resulted from the drying process of the sediment must be absorbed by the water repeatedly. The purifying device is the same as that used in the production of calcium superphosphate. To prevent the urea particle contact with the seeds of vegetable in the field directly, the urea particle must be wrapped up with the sediment in advance.3. Soil nutrition from the vegetable bases in the suburbs of Yangzhou was surveyed. The result shows that content of organic matter is about 1.11-1.98%, which averaged 1.49%, and rapid available K and rapid available P are respectively 15.7~105.8mg/kg, 44.6mg/kg and 27.5~90.0mg/kg, 50.9mg/kg. The soil is seriously short of organic matter and rapid available K. Rapid available P was different greatly in all sites. It is recommended that the organic fertilizer and K fertilizer increased in fertilizer application. Environment of most of the bases is accord with the Environmental requirements for origin of non-environmental pollution vegetable. In few bases some pollutants such as Cl-, F-, and Hg exceed the standard.4. Reasonable use of the eco-fertilizer can promote growth, increase the output and improve the qualities of vegetables. Studies show that when treated with eco-fertilizer, the height and stem of eggplant are improved, Vc and sugar content are increased by 13.7%~30.8% and 2.2%~9.7%. Its output is increased by 2.8-11.2%, and the optimum application amount of the eco-fertilizer is 53.38kg/667m2. As to tomato, the color of leaf is greener and plant height is higher than that of CK. Vc and total sugar are increased by 1.2~4.2mg/100g F.W. and2.7-20.8%. The output of tomato increase by 0.8-19.4%, and the economical optimum fertilizer application amount is 60kg/667m2. Plant height, stem and the ability of resisting falling of sweet pepper are increased when treated with eco-fertilizer. Vc content in it was increased by 13.3%~39.1%. It's output also increased by 2.6-10.1%, the optimum application amount of the eco-fertilizer is from 58 kg/667m2 to 60 kg/667m2. In the experiment, output of turnip is increased by 9.2%-16.9%. At the same time, the turnip become sweeter, and hollow heart rate is reduced, hollow heart rate, water and amount of NO3- were decreased by 75.9~85.7%,0.8~1.75% and 13.1-26%. The soluble sugar was increased by 15.9-32.4%. The optimum application amount of the eco-fertilizer is 40.9 kg/667m2. The output of summer green and Yangzhou green are increased by 23%~53.4% and 30.1-73.7%. The optimum application amount of th...
|
PDF Full Text Request