Studies On The Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics In Male Sterile Line And Maintainer Line Of Eggplant By Interspecific Hybridization

Eggplant {Solarium melongena L.) shows the remarkable heterosis. Producing hybrid seeds using cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) as female parent is a very important way to utilize heterosis in eggplant. However, compare to rice, maize, rape, basic researches of cytoplasmic male sterility mechanism in eggplant are still poor. In order to the usefulness of CMS quickly, enrich the understanding of cytoplasmic male sterility, we use eggplant CMS RA, LA and their maintainers RB, LB which come by interspecific hybridization between S. melongena L. and S. integrifolium. The contents of soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein, free amino acid, free Proline, activity of SOD, POD and contents of 1AA, GA3, ABA, ZR are compared between male sterile lines and their maintainer lines of eggplants' the leaves and anthers at different developmental stages. The followings are our experiments results.1 RA, LA and RB, LB are the same changes in the contents of soluble sugar, starch. With the anther developing, the contents of soluble sugar of male sterile lines and the maintainer lines increase slowly. The male sterile lines are higher than the maintainer lines. The starch is accumulated at meiosis stage in the maintainer lines. In the male sterile lines changes little.2 There are the same changes in the contents of free Proline, soluble protein, free amino acid. The content of free Proline in the maintainer lines increases fast in the last two stages, but in the male sterile lines it is in the low level. The contents of free Proline, soluble protein, free amino acid in the maintainer lines are higher than the male sterile lines. In the mature pollen stage the content of glutamic acid in the male sterile lines is higher than the maintainer lines, the other amino acid in the male sterile lines are lower than the maintainer lines.3 The activities of SOD at meiosis and microspore single nucleus stage in the male sterile lines are higher than the maintainer lines. Then they are decreased slowly with the anther developing. The activities of POD in the male sterile lines are higher than the maintainer lines from the single nucleus stage to the mature pollen stage.4 The contents of IAA, GA3 ABA in the anther of the male sterile lines are higher than the maintainer lines, the content of ZR in the male sterile lines are lower than the maintainer lines. Proportions of IAA in the maintainer lines are decreased then increased, in RA is decreased then increased, in LA is firstly increased then decreased. Proportions of GA3 in the maintainer lines are increased then decreased, in male sterile lines are increased. Compared with maintainer lines, ZR% are no significant changes in the male sterile lines during the anther developing. ZR% are firstlyincreased then decreased. Compared with the other hormones, ABA% are no significant differences in the male sterile lines and maintainer lines. The proportions of ABA change little. It implies ABA has no significant infect on the male sterility.5 The contents of soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein in leaves of the male sterile lines are hig;her than the maintainer lines. The contents of free Proline in the male sterile lines are lower than the maintainer lines. There are no significant differences in the contents of free amino acid, activities of SOD and POD between the male sterile lines and maintainer lines.