Research On Primary Physiological Characteristics And Chemical Compositions Of Kudingcha In Sichuan

Ligustrum robustum (Rxob.) BL. was used as material in the research on primary physiological characteristics and chemical constituents of Sichuan-Kudingcha. It would provide theories for breeding, scientific measures for growth, advanced machining technics etc. The emphases were: the observations of growth date and characters of new shoots etc., the photosynthetic characters, the anatomical structures and the ultrastructural of chloroplast of leaves, the mensuration of PPO&POD actives among new shoots, the content of chemical constituents such as water extracts, polyphenols, alkaloids, soluble carbonhydrate, amino acids, flavonids etc.; The results showed that:(1) By investigating, the plant of Kudingcha in Sichuan was identified to be Ligustrum robustum (Rxob.) BL., and fewness were L. henryi Hemsl . or L. pricei Hayata The mostly type was L. robustum (Rxob.) BL.(2) Kudingcha in Sichuan had character of earlier budding. The budding date in spring was 20~30d earlier than tea of Fudingdabai and the budding capacity was better than Fudingdabai. The fastigium of budding date was froni the first ten- day to the last ten-day of Mar. in spring and the last ten-day of Aug. to the first ten- day of Sep. in fall. According to the length of new shoots and the budding capacity, type I , IV and V can be regarded as breeding materials.(3) Kudingcha in Sichuan had strong photosynthetic rate and daily average Pn reached 9.72- 11.73nmolm-2s-1. The daily course for net Pn was the curve of one apex and the apex time was 10:00-1l:00am. The light saturation point was 1000~1100 molm-2s-1 and the light compensation point was 55.59 molm-2s-1. It can choose breeding material with high rate of using light.(4) There were clearly difference of the anatomical structures and the ultrastructural of chloroplast of leaves in different types. According to the characters of structure of leaves, type I , IVand V having potential yield than others can be regarded as breeding material.(5) The fastigium date of PPO&POD actives among new shoots was from the last ten-day of Aug. to the first ten- day of Sep. in fall. The budding capacity of new shoot was strong that the PPO&POD actives of the shoots were higher than others.(6) Kudingcha with polyphenols of 2.08 ~ 8.16%, high water extracts and soluble carbonhydrate had the quality characters of dense sapor, bitter turn to sugariness etc. The contents of free amino acids were 199.57~471.40mg/100g and the indispensable amino acids to body was more than 50%. Lys of 14.31% was higher than others. The flavonoids was abundant. These showed that Kudingcha of L. robustum (Rxob.) BL. in Sichuan was a beverage plant with abundant inclusions of nutrition and health protection.(7) The extraction of L. robustum (Rxob.) BL. in Sichuan were separated and purified by organic solvent and silica-pillar chromatographic procedure. Primary structure identification of the isolated flavonoids by thin-layer chromatographic procedure of silica GF254 , the color reaction and the UV spectrums showed that compound A were isoflavones; compound B were flavones-, compound C were flavanonols; compound D were flavonols; compound E were anthocyanins; compound F were flavonols or flavones. Compound D was identified to be quercetin.(8) By general comparing with the character of new shoots, the photosynthetic characters, the anatomical structures and the ultrastructural of chloroplast of leaves, the chemical constituents and the sensory quality, type I , IVand Vcan be regarded as breeding materials.