| Water and fertilizer are both main factors to limit the tuber yield and the high quality of potatoes in northwest dry region. The farm crops ?soil- nitrogen fertilizer- the environment organism guides the technique about water and fertilizer of potatoes and develops the potato industry. Atlantic potato is the current specie for frying and it is used as the experiment material to study the yield and quality of potatoes because of the various method of irrigation (drip irrigation and ditch irrigation), the different quantity of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer. At- the same time the environment effect is caused in the potato production line. All these will offer the reasonable management measure for continuous development of potato produce in irrigating region from yellow river.'The Experiment results as follows:1. Under the traditional ditch irrigation , plant height, plant diameter and photosynthesis are rising with more fertilizer applied in a straight line. Tuber yield and starch contain are rising with more fertilizer applied and then decreasing. At 225 kg/hm2 nitrogen level, tuber yield and starch contain attain the highest. They are 35961.6 kg/hm1and 18.0%. At different nitrogen levels the difference of commodity potato rate is not remarkable and the variety trend has no the regulation. Lower density , better the status of the. individual potato growth. However the community performance is low. At the lever of 79500 stubs/ hm2 density, by nitrate test strip for nitrogen nutritional diagnosis apl of potato tuber bulking and formed stage in field , the results-indicated that: the critical values of the nitrate concentration in plant are 6948. 9mg/kg and 4860.9mg/kg and the more reasonable nitrogen quantity is 205.6 kg/hi/. The whole dry mater content increases with the period of duration. The change trend of dry mater content does not comply with the tuber' s.2. With drip irrigation, plant height is rising with more fertilizer applied, plant diameter, tuber yield and commodity potato rate are rising with more fertilizer applied and then decreasing. The difference of starch contain is not remarkable and the variety trend has no the regulation. The method of large quantity and little times has a bigger influence for plant diameter. The best quantity of nitrogen fertilizer is 200.2 kg/hm2. Plant diameter and yield and commodity potato rate and starch contain all have a top which are 1. 031cm, 46110kg/hm2,84.85%, 17. 51%. The whole dry mater content increases with the period of duration. In early days the dry mater content grows slowly,through several peak periods, before July first (prosperous flower period) increasing quickly. With the method of small quantity and many times the best quantity of nitrogen fertilizer is 180. 7kg/hm2. Plant diameter and yield and commodity potato rate and starch contain all have a top which are 1.024cnu 46216.4 kg/hm2, 87.56%, 17.71% which are higher than the first method. The deformity and disease potato rate is low only for 3. 1%. The dry mater content grows steadily. The content of nitrate seeps into deep soil more serious with the method of small quantity and many times than the other. The diameters of potatoes are most from 4.5cm to 7cm. So the potential yield is very big.3. Compared with ditch irrigation, drip irrigation has a higher nitrogen fertilizer contribution. The nitrogen fertilizer contribution can attain 12.3% under the 180kg/hm2 nitrogen level. The pure income increases 3274.2 yuan/hm2 and 3464.6 yuan/hm2 than ditch irrigation. The best mode is the density of 79500stubs/ hm2 and the quantity of 180.7 kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer.4. The experiment studies the potato character of the growth and development under ideal water and fertilizer and analyzes the cultivation factor with relation of the yield character, quality character. |
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