Research On Varietal Characters Of New Sugarcane Varieties

Abstract Research was done on physiological, agronomical and technical properties of seven new sugarcane varieties from Taiwan (TW), America, Japan and Guangxi (GX), and GX11 was taken as the control variety. The results were as followed. Certified by physiological indexes, TW2O and TW22 were high resistant to drought; TW23, TW16, GX89/5 and GX11 were medium; CP80/l827 (American) and NL8 (Japanese) were low. GX89/5, TW16, TW20 and control variety-GX11 were high resistant to frost, TW22 was medium, and others were low. Only TW22, NL8, 6X89/5 and CP8O/1827 were high resistant to both smut and top-rot; GX11 was susceptive to smut; TW16, TW2O and TW23 were susceptive to top-rot. TW22, GX11, TW23, GX89/5 had obvious superiority in nitrate reductase, acid invertase, photosynthesis, NPK content of leaf and other physiological characters related with growth. NL8 and TW2O were super-early ripening varieties; TW22 and TW23 were medium; and others were early. Cane juice of all tested varieties had high purity. Cane juice of GX11 and TW16 had more than 0.45% of glucose; both TW22 and TW23 had 0.3%; and others had less than 0.2%. TW2O, NL8, TW22 and CP8O/1827 were high-sucrose-content varieties (more than 15.0%); GX89/5 and TW23 were medium; GX11 and TW16 were low.NL8, TW22 and CP80/l827 had high budding rate, yet GX89/5, TW23and TW22 had high tillering rate. Composed of cane length, cane diameterand effective stem, average cane yield of planting cane and ratoonwas;TW22 > GX89/5 > CP80/l827 > TWl6 > TW23 > TW20 > NL8 >GXl l. According to cane yield and sucrose content, sucrose yield of themwas: TW22 > GX89/5 > CP80/l827 > TW23 > TW20 > TW16 > NL8 >GX l l.Of all tested varieties, TW22 was the best, with l3l .6t/ha of averagecane yield and l8.93t/ha of sucrose yield. G89/5 came second, withl23.9t/ha of cane yield and l6.98t/ha of sucrose yield. Except NL8, alltested varieties were superior to control variety-GX ll.