Effects Of Extract And Decomposed Liquids From Tomato And Eggplant Stubs On The Growth And Disease Of The Solanceous Vegetable Crops

The paper researched about the effect of extract and decomposed liquids from tomato and eggplant stubs on the growth(tomato, eggplants pepper) and disease (pepper fusarium wilt , eggplant verticillium wilt , pepper phytophthora blight , tomato gray mold)of the solanceous vegetable crops.the results showed:The seed germination in three kinds of crops decreased with the concentration increased, to a certain degree, extract and decomposed liquids inhibited seed embryonic root length and germinating capacity .furthermore,some differences reached significanct levels when compared with control, the concentration higher.the differences higher.the extract and decomposed liquids also promoted seed germination,but no significant difference appeared when compared with control.Of these crops, effect of eggplant stubs on eggplant seed was the most obviously,especialy when concentration was 1:10,the germination capcity was O.the per inhibition reached 100%.Extract and decomposed liquids from stubs promoted/inhibited the seedlings' growth. The seedling weight increased to one certain degree (general the concentration was low) and decreased to another certain degree (general the concentration was high). As extract concentration is lower than 1:50. decomposed liquids concentration is lower than 1:100, the root weight and root activities were higher than that of control, the growth of crops were promoted. In another way, the growth of crops were inhibited. This may be one or some allelochemicals which were produced in extract and decomposed liquids caused, there must be volatile matters in extract and decomposed liquids because the leaves electric conductivity is alsoaffected,the stability of plant cell is lowered,the structure of biomembranes is damaged.Four kinds of pathogene are also affected by extract and decomposed liquids from tomato and eggplant stubs to different degree. Both pepper fusarium wilt and eggplant verticillium wilt are tipically soil -borne disease,the dry weight of mycelium , the speed of mycelia growth, the number of spore-bearing and disease index increased as the concentration of extract and decomposed liquids increased, to some degree,extract obviously promoted the growth of hyphae and disease. In other way ,inhibition also appeared.In decomposed liquids concentration contain that was tested ,this two kinds of pathogene and disease were promoted. As the pepper phytophthora blight happened heavily depending on the enviroment factors, the gray mold of tomato is an air-borne disease, the degree affected by extract and decomposed liquids was smaller than that of pepper fusarium wilt and eggplant verticillium wilt. As above .extract and decoposed liquids promoted extracellular anzyme activities.this is consistent with the studies about the effect of extract and decomposed liquids on the pathogene and disease.lt is because that allelochemicals from extract and decomposed liquids promoted extracellular anzyme activities such as cellulase , hemicellulase, pectinase and so on,which result in the speed of pathogenes absorb and harness nutrient substance hastened,and mycelium grow more vigoriously,the number of spore-bearing increased quickly.disease happenedheavily.