Study On Optimum Strains Breeding Of Rare Edible And Medicinal Fungi

As one of breeding method of edible and medicinal fungi, protoplast technology has the characteristics of easy to operate and select,and of being done within short period,ect.There are a lot of successful examples in this aspect,but few in rare edible and medicinal fungi.This experiment was studied on the optimum conditions of protoplast preparation and regeneration in Agrocybe chaxinggu, Pleurotus erygnii, Pleurotus nebrodensis, and the breeding of rare edible fungi by UV induced mutagenesis.The result showed that the optimum protoplast preparation was determined by using mycelia being cultivated for 5 days and 2% driselase or 1% cellulase+1% helicase as lytic enzymes at 25 癈 for 3 hours, annitol as osmotic stabilizer can give higher protoplast yield and regeneration ratio,the protoplast regenerating ratio was about 5.5%.By preparing and regenerating of Agrocybe chaxinggu plotoplast with UV induced mutagenesis method,among a lot of fast and strong growth strains being selected, the strain C304 ,C280 and C1509 showed rapid mycelial growth rate and increased in yield by 17.9 %,14.3% and 8.08% ,the strain Cll showed good endurance to high temperature and mildew, compared with the original strain.By breeding Pleurotus erygnii plotoplast regenerating strains, the strain X1 showed rapid mycelial growth rate and good fruitbody quality, the strain X401 showed increase in yield by 10%, compared with the original strain.By breeding Pleurotus nebrodensis plotoplast regenerating strains.the strain B203 showed high efficiency of degradation of lignin,cellulose whose activities of lignose enzyme and cellulose enzyme are superior to that of the original strain.Co.mpared with the original strain,the activities of CMCase and FPAase of B203 were 2.2 times and 1.75 times higher in mycelial stage , 2.47 times and 1.68 times higher in fruitbody stage, the activities of laccase, guaiacol oxidase and polyphenol oxidase were 1.54 times,!. 21 times and 1.25 times higher in mycelial stage, 1.49 times,, 1.81 times and 1.15 times in fruitbody stage,the degreadate rate of the lignin and cellulose increased by 6.87% and 5.65%.Study on esterase isoenzyme showed that there existed some difference between the esterase isoenzyme pattern of screened strains and that of the original strain. Whichthe original strain ,they were new variant strain.