| D. huoshanense and D. moniliforme is the main species of dendrobium producted in Huoshan County, Anhui Province. D. huoshanense is the best among various dendrobium, its character is better, but its growth is greatly lower than D. moniliforme. To improve dendrobium species in Huoshan, researchers breeded hybrid through interspecific hybridization (D. huoshanense as male parent, and D. moniliforme as female parent). This article fully compares hybrid and its parents by growing, physiologic index and content measuring of effective components, and analyses over-parent heterosis of hybrid. Meanwhile purify and analyze their important medicinal components—polysaccharides through ultraviolet and infrared spectrum, physical and chemical properties determining, gas chromatograph analysis of sugar composing, protein content measuring and chromatogram analysis of amino acids. Besides we have an initial research on anti-oxidation actions of three kinds of dendrobium polysaccharides. Results are as follows: 1. The growth of hybrid is close to D. moniliforme, the accumulation of effective components of hybrid is close to D. huoshanense. The hybrid integrates superiority of parents on growth and accumulation of effective components,having vast vistas for development and utilization.2. The growth peek of new stem of hybrid and its parents is from May to August, after that their growth slows down. The stem perimeter reaches the highest in the middle ten days of August, and then it drops a little. In the period, the stem length, the stem paragraphs, the length of stem paragraph, the leaf number, the leaf area, the fresh and net weight of each plant all are close to D. moniliforme, and apparently higher than D. huoshanense. Compared to one-year-stem, D. huoshanense almost stops growing, but D. moniliforme and hybrid still grows. As to one-year-hybrid and two-year-hybrid, the stem length, the stem paragraphs, the fresh and net weight of each plant all have an apparent advantage over its parents. But as to three-year-hybrid, except for the stem perimeter, the stem length, the stem paragraphs, the length of each stem paragraph, and the fresh and net weight of each plant all are inferior to D. moniliform, but they still have extreme advantage over D. huoshanens, the fresh weight of each plant is about five times, and the net weight of each plant is 6.2 times.3. As to the chlorophyll content of leave during the growth of new stem, it is lower in May, increases in June, decreases a little in summer, and reaches the highest in November. In the period, the chlorophyll content of hybrid is lower than D. huoshanense until November, but apparently higher than D. moniliform from the middle ten days of August. As to one-year-hybrid, the chlorophyll content, A value at the peak of its absorption spectrum and the photosynthesis rate all are markly higher than its parents. 4. As to the content of polysaccharides, the two-year-stem all reach the highest, and the content all decrease much the third year. The content in two-year-stem and three-year-stem of hybrid is close to D. huoshanense, lower than D. moniliforme. As to the content of alkaloids, they all increase year by year in three years. The content in two-year-stem and three-year-stem of hybrid is close to D. huoshanense, and markly higher than D. moniliforme. And as to soluble protein content, the two-year-stem of hybrid is higher than its parents, the three-year-stem of hybrid is close to D. huoshanense, markly higher than D. moniliforme. The content in three-year-stem of D. huoshanense increases a lot, reaching 2.5 times as much as two-year-stem. 5. The analysis results of three kinds of dendrobium polysaccharides are as follows: They are white solid, soluble in water, not soluble in organic solvent such as ethanol, et al. And they all have characteristic colour reactions of polysaccharides. They are neutral polysaccharides, containing no starch, no reductive sugar. In ultraviolet spectrum there isn't absorption peak of nucleic acid and protein, and the abs...
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