Study On The Cultivation In The Wild Environment Of Dendrobium Huoshanense

In view of the special requirements for the growth environment of Dendrobium huoshanense.Based on the literature review and investigation,this study selected natural forest land as the sample site in Jinzhai County,where is the origin of Dendrobium Huoshanense.The paper made a comparative study on activity of epiphytic、understory cultivation and greenhouse cultivation on yield and quality.And further explore the correlation among the growth and active components with some factors,cultivation matrix,age,epiphytic species,epiphytic height,main ecological factors.The main results are as follows:（1）The growth effects of stem length of Dendrobium huoshanense were significantly different among the three cultivation methods,but there was no significant difference in the number of sprouts,stem diameter and stem segments.Among them,the stem length of in the cultivation understorey and cultivation in greenhouses was concentrated in the range of 4.24-6.70cm,which was significantly higher than that cultivation at living trees.The stem length of cultivation at living trees attached was mainly distributed in the range of2.76-3.0cm.（2）There are significant differences in water content of Dendrobium huoshanense under three cultivation methods.In greenhouse cultivation,the water content was the highest,reaching 92.13%.The understorey cultivation method was the second,the water content was 90.37%.The water content of cultivation at living trees was the lowest,reaching only 85.72%.（3）The contents of active ingredients in Dendrobium huoshanense were significantly different among the three cultivation methods.The content of polysaccharides in cultivation at living trees was the highest,reaching 38.67%,which was significantly higher than that in greenhouses.The content of Dendrobium in cultivation at living trees was the highest,reaching 1.43%,which was significantly higher than greenhouse cultivation.The total amount of amino acids in cultivation at living trees was up to 37%,which was significantly higher than that of under forest cultivation and greenhouse cultivation.What’s more,there was a significant difference in monosaccharide content among the three cultivation methods.The epiphytic pattern of living tree was significantly higher than that other two cultivation modes.The contents of trace elements such as Ca,Mg,Zn,K,and Fe in cultivation at living trees were all higher than those of other methods.The contents of attached K in living trees were the highest was 14.22 mg/g,which exceeded that of greenhouse cultivation.52.32%.（4）There were significant differences in the effects of different mixing ratios of the substrate on the growth and polysaccharide content of Dendrobium huoshanense.The results showed that the treatment group T1（the combination of gravel+husk+bark（1:2:3））was the fastest growing medium,with a stem length of 3.88cm and a stem diameter of 6.16mm;The content of polysaccharides in T1 was the highest,reaching37.8%,which was significantly higher than other treatments.Treatment group T6（ie,gravel+husk+bark（3:2:1）combination）had the lowest polysaccharide content,only24.5%.Comprehensive comparison shows that the first group of matrix treatment,namely the combination of T1 matrix gravel+husk+bark（1:2:3）,is suitable for wild cultivation\in under forest.（5）Epiphytic cultivation of living trees’contents of active components in different ages of Dendrobium huoshanense,such as polysaccharides,amino acids,scopolamine,and trace elements were significantly different.In terms of growth,the two-year-old had the highest stem length and stem diameter,3.58 cm and 5.09 mm,respectively.The third year stem length and stem diameter showed a decreasing trend;the two-year raw weight reached 12.59g,and there was a significant difference between the three-year-old,and the water content showed a decreasing trend year by year,which was negatively correlated with the years of cultivation.However,the content of polysaccharides,scopolamine,and total amino acids increased with the increase of cultivation years,and the highest content of stem polysaccharides was 23.0 years,which was 33.05%;the content of dendrobium was 1.05%;the total amount of amino acids was 34.47mg/g.And contents of polysaccharide,scopolamine,total amino acid content of two-year-old was extremely significant with 1-year-old.The growth and secondary subsistence matter accumulation of the two-year-old reached the highest value and was suitable for harvesting.（6）There were significant differences in stem length,stem diameter,and water content between different epiphytic tree species,but there was no significant difference in the content of polysaccharides,dentifrice content,and total amino acids.Among them,P.massoniana as an epiphytic species had the best growing stalks,with a stem length of3.47 cm,a stem diameter of 7.04 mm and a water content of more than 99%.The stem growth from high to low was:P.massonianae>L.formosan>C.lanceolata>Q.acutissima;the active ingredient content was comprehensively sorted as follows:P.massonianae>Q.acutissima>C.lanceolata>L.formosan.（7）There was a significant difference in stem length and stem diameter between the different epiphytic heights of living plants.There was a very significant difference in the polysaccharide content,and there was no significant difference in the content of total alkaloids,total amino acids and trace elements between the different epiphytic heights.Only the upper level（at 4.5m）is slightly higher than the other levels.The order of stem length from high to low was as follows:upper>middle>lower,and the upper stem was significantly higher than the lower one,indicating that suitable light was beneficial to the growth of stems;the highest polysaccharide content was 37.8%in the upper layer;integrated scopolamine and amino acids The total amount was ranked as:upper>middle>lower;the content of five trace elements was upper>middle>lower,and only the K element survival at different levels was extremely significant.（8）The accumulation of polysaccharides and scopolamine of cultivation in the wild environment has significant correlation with temperature,humidity and light intensity.The temperature was significantly negatively correlated with the polysaccharide content and the content of scopolamine;the relative humidity was significantly negatively correlated with the content of scopolamine and was not significantly related to the polysaccharide content;the light intensity was significantly negatively correlated with the polysaccharide content,and had a significant negative correlation with the scopolamine content.In addition,there was a significant correlation between the polysaccharide content and the change in the content of scopolamine.The results showed that the optimum temperature for the accumulation of active components in Dendrobium huoshanense was 6～16°C,relative humidity was 75%～85%,and the light intensity was 37.5～75μmol m^-2s^-1.（9）The annual income of epiphytic cultivation at living trees is high,reaching1,081,800 yuan/（hm²·year）.The investment in fixed assets can be recovered in that year,and the economic benefits are higher than those in understorey cultivation and greenhouse cultivation.