Study On The Meteorological And Physiological Factors Etc. Effecting Yield And Quality Characters In Rapeseed (B.napus,L)

The yield and quality characters are decided and interacted by genotype, entironmentand other factors. In order to definitude the effect on yield and quality characters bydifferent factors, provide theoretical basis for high yield and quality breeding andreasonable cultivating of rapeseed, these experiments was carried out in studying on theplant character, genotype, diseases, meteorological factors and physiology mechanism ofrapeseed leaf and pod from photosynthesis, active oxygen clear system with 20 cultivarswhich took part in regional trial of Anhui province in 2001～2003. The results were asfollows:1. The effect on yield by plant characters As the plant yield and plant characters, there were some correlation between the plantyield and plant characters, there were significantly positive correlation between plant yieldand plant height, first branch, second branch, pods of main stem, density of pods andnumber of pods per plant. The 1000-seeds weight, first branch and number of pods perplant are the main factors which effect yield of plant. The 1000-seeds weight, first branchand number of pods per plant are important targets in high yield breeding.2. The effect on yield by meteorological factors The relationship between yield and meteorological factors were studied. The resultshowed that seedling period, bud period, pod period are the key periods for rapeseed yieldimprovement. Larger average difference in temperature per day and smaller rainfall inseedling period, lower average temperature per day in bud and flower period, amplesunlight and larger average difference in temperature per day in pod period are all benefitto improve yield of plant.3. The change of enzyme activities in rapeseed's functional leaves and its effected onrapeseed yield The activities of super-oxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD) and the content ofchlorophyll had the same change trend, ie, the activities of SOD and POD were lower inseedling and flower period than in bud period, the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) andthe activities of catalase(CAT) also had the same change trend, MDA and CAT werecontinual increase from seedling to flower period. Analysis of correlation showed thatthere were some correlation between enzyme activity and MDA content in rapeseed'sfunctional leaves and pods. SOD, POD and CAT activity existed negative correlation withMDA, especially SOD and POD activity existed extremely significantly negativecorrelation with MDA. Also, it existed significantly positive correlation or extremelysignificantly positive correlation among the three kinds of enzymes that indicated thecourse that crossed oxidation action restraining lipid peroxidation was comparativelycomplicated synergy. NR activity and MDA content exited extremely significantly negativecorrelation. There were some correlation between yield and enzyme activity, but thecorrelations were not significant. There was extremely significantly negative correlationbetween yield and Tr. in bud period.4. The effect on yield by genotype, seedling characters and diseases Variance analysis showed that there were significant difference in varieties and therapeseed varieties had different adaptability to entironment. Therefore, selecting high yieldvariety is very important to improve rapeseed yield. There were positive correlation between yield and number of leaf, leaf area, width ofrootstock, fresh weight and dry weight per plant, especially there were significantlypositive correlation between yield and fresh weight and dry weight per plant. Sclerotina sclerotiorum is the most severe disease in China's rapeseed production.Disease plant rate and disease index existed significantly positive correlation with yield.5. The relationship between quality characters of rapeseed The analysis of correlation indicated that oleic acid, linoleic acid and palmitic acidexisted extremely significantly negative correlation with erucic acid. Encosenoic acid andglu...