Study On Heterosis And Correlation Analysis Of Some Quality And Yield Characters In Winter Wheat

In order to provide information for hybrid wheat breeding of high yield and quality, eleven parents with greatly different dough rheological characters and thirty F1 derived form NCII mating design were selected for the research of yield and quality characters on analysis heterosis, parent-offspring correlation and regression, correlation analysis among different characters, combing ability and so on. The results were as follows:1. Grain weight per plant and yield components had bigger positive heterosis. Comparing with yield characters, quality characters had smaller heterosis. The result of the test of heterosis over the average of its parents showed that all characters were negative heterosis except flour protein content, wet gluten content, stability time and valorimeter value. The result of the test of average heterosis and combining ability of the dough rheology characters among different combination types showed that high X high type or high × middle type were better in strong muscle wheat breeding selection and high X low type or low X low type were better in weak muscle wheat breeding selection.2. The parent-offspring correlation and regression of all yield and quality characters were positively highly significant, so it may predict the performance of F₁ generation according to the mean of parent. The heterosis of F₁ generation varied according to parent show. The biggest heterosis will be obtained by improved the performance of parents' characters in parents' apolegamy.3. Canonical correlation analysis between yield components and quality characters group indicated that spike number per plant was less important factor for quality characters. Seed number per plant was same variation tread with valorimeter value, while it was reverse variation tread with stable time. And 1000 grain weight was same variation tread with stable time. Seed number per ear and 1000 grain weight among yield components played important role in relationship with quality characters. Therefore, high yield is possibly achieved and dough rheological characters is improved as well, when the complement of seed number per plant and 1000 grains weight is adapted, and the complement between stable time, value number and this two yield characters is focused in hybrid wheat breeding.4. From the object of combining high yield and high quality breeding, according to the GCA and variances SCA, Yumai47 and Xindong22 were better in strong muscle wheat breeding selection and Yumai50, Nongda3214, Jing41 and Xuzhou25 were better in weak muscle wheat breeding selection.