| The effect of different amount of fertilization on yield and quality in muskmelon was studied in this experiment. The composition of organic substrates was vermiculite, peat and chicken muck at a ratio of 3:2:1. The Muskmelon were planted in self-made simple grooves (the vertical section of the groove was isosceles trapezoid, the width of the upper side was 35 cm, and the bottom was 25 cm, the height was 25 cm). According to the previous data that the absorption of nitrogen was 60% of that applied, phosphorus 30% and potassium 70%, there were four treatments in this study: Treatment 1, supplied with organic substrates only and without inorganic fertilizer; Treatment 2, the fertilization amount =(the fertilize amount needed for desire output- fertilization on content of quick-acting nutrients in organic substrates)/ nutrients uptake ratio; Treatment 3, the fertilization amount =(1.5 fertilize amount needed for desire output-fertilization on content of quick-acting nutrients in organic substrates)/ nutrients uptake ratio; Treatment 4, the fertilization amount =(2 fertilize amount needed for desire output- fertilization on content of quick-acting nutrients in organic substrates)/ nutrients uptake ratio. The results were as follows:1. The fertilization had no influence on the growth of the muskmelon. The heights, numbers of leaves and the maximal area of leaves of muskmelon had no significant differences among the different treatments.2. The photosynthetic rate of muskmelon leaves and the activity of the muskmelon roots could be improved by supplying inorganic fertilizer. The photosynthetic rate of muskmelon leaves treated with optimal fertilizer was higher than that without fertilizer supply. During the sprout extending stage, the photosynthetic rate of muskmelon increased with fertilization increase. During flowering stage, the photosynthetic rate of muskmelon in treatment 2 was the highest. The activity of the melon roots in treatment 2, treatment 3, and treatment 1 had distinct increase than that in treatment 4.3. The quality of the fruit of muskmelon cultured with organic substrates and proper fertilizer could be improved. The soluble sugar and soluble protein in the fruits of plants treated with fertilizer were higher than those with no fertilizer supplication, The content of vitamin C in fruits had no significant differences among different treatments. But too much fertilizer application could increase the content of nitrate while the index of the sugar decreased.4. The yield of the melon could be increased obviously with proper fertilizer application. The yield treated with fertilizer was higher than that with no fertilizer supplication. If cultivation was in spring, the yield in treatment 2 was the highest. The yield of per 667m2 is 2513kg , and had significant increase than the other treatments. If cultivation was in autumn, the yield in treatment 3 was the highest. The yield of per 667m2 was 1573kg , and had significant increase than the other treatments.5. Proper fertilizer application would promote absorption of the nutrition in nutrition organ. The more fertilizer applied, the more absorption of N, P, and K in the nutrition organ. The differences between treatments were significant. The absorption in the fruits was positively correlated to the yield.6. The utilization rate of the nutrition could be improved with proper fertilizer application. But if the fertilizer is excessive, the utilization rate of the nutrition in substrates is descended.7. The fertilization could influence the conversion of the slow-acting fertilizer to the quick-acting one in the substrates. But if the fertilizer is excessive, the above conversion could be cut down. In treatment 2, the release of slow-actingN, P and K in the substrates is 1.487, 2.18 and 0.23 times than inherent amount of quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.8.In the spring culture, the best fertilization scheme is treatment 2. In theautumn culture, the best one is treatment 3.9.The requirement of NPK were 347...
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