Studies On The Substrates Formula Of Vegetable Soilless Culture

Effects of five different substrates formula on plant growth , development * yield and quality of tomato , netted melon, and sweet pepper was studied. The five substrate formula are Formula 1(pure rock wool), Formula 2(3/5perlite and 2/5peat), Formula 3(3/5slag and 2/5peat),Formula 4 (5/10peanshelK 3/10vermiculite and 2/10perlite)and Formula 5 (5/10corncob, 3/10vermiculite and 2/10perlite). The results are summarized as follows;1) Formula 2 and Formula 3,which include peat ,promoted both vegetative growth and reproductive growth of three kinds of plants significantly in early stage. Flower date was earlier and yield of early stage higher than that of other formulas. Compared with others, commerical fruit yield of netted melon and sweet pepper cultivated in Formula3 greatly increased and the quality improved significantly. 2) Formula 4including peanut shell had little influence on vegetative growth and yield in early stage. However , every vegetative growth index and physiological indexes increased quickly , some even exceeded other formulas' since middle stage. Total yield and fruit quality of tomato was significantly improved compared with other formula. Although netted melon cultivated in this substrates got the highest yield, the fruit quality was bad, commercial frirtt ratio and sugar grade were low. Total yield and quality index of sweet pepper took second place following Formula 2. 3)Formula 5 including corncob inhibited both vegetative and reproductive growth ,and reduced yield and fruit quality .5)Formula 1 is pure rockwool, a kind of inorganic substrates .Plants cultivated in this substrates grew fine in early stage, and had shorter growing period.Yield of early stage is high but total yield is comparative low. In endingperiod , the vegetative growth" became worse, plantsdeclined quickly and deformity fruit of tomato and sweet pepper increased .