Study On Cytoplasmic Male Sterility And Its Mechanism In Cabbage

The plant morphology,cytology, biochemistry of the cytoplasmic male sterile line "CMS158"and its maintainer line "B158" in cabbage were studied by field observation and laboratory analysis. The main results were as follows:(1)The morphological difference between "CMS158"line and "B158" line lied in anthers. The anthers of "CMS158"line were thinly small and drily shriveled, and the pollens on them were abortive.(2)Microsporic observation of microsporgenesis of "CMS158"line revealed that abortion occurred between tetrad of microspore and single nuclear microspore. Callous walls were degenerated in advance, tapetum cells became highly vacuolated, pressing the microsporocyte seriously, interfering the normal procedure of meiosis, and finally leading to pollen grain abortion.(3)The total amount of free amino acids in anthers from "CMS158" line was higher than that from "B158"line. Proline was rich in anthers from "B158"line,while aspartic acid was rich from "CMS158"line. Other amino acids apparently difference in anthers between "CMS158"line and "B158"line were less correlated with pollen fertility than proline and aspartic acid.The metabolic disorder of proline, aspartic acid and other free amino acids in "CMS158" line is a cause of pollen abortion.(4)The analysis of isoenzyme showed that peroxidase isoenzyme was difference between "CMS158"line and "B158"line in flower and flower buds during flowering period.The analysis of isoenzyme showed that the difference of ATPase isoenzyme between "CMS158"line and "B158"line,lie in root,flower and flower buds during flowering period. Existed one isoenzyme band in flower of "CMS158"line,the band was Rf 0.843.That was assumed that the expression of peroxidase isoenzyme and ATPase isoenzyme were controlled by nuclear genes and cytoplasmic genes.