Analysis Of Carcass And Meat Quality Traits Of Crosses Of Different Quality Chickens And Recessive White Plymouth Rock

In the present study, carcass and meat quality traits of the crosses of various quality chickens and Recessive White Plymouth Rock were analyzed. The difference of carcass and meat quality traits between Beijing Fatty and Recessive White Plymouth Rock were tested. Correlations among IMF, leg weight and other traits were also analyzed.In experiment I. Yukou-yellow, Shiqiza and Panyu partridge were selected as paternal lines, Recessive White Plymouth Rock, Dwarf Recessive White Plymouth Rock, and Panyu partridge as maternal lines. Five crosses (n=1821) were constructed. 210 chickens (half male, half female) were slaughtered at 10 wks. Carcass traits, pH values, shear force and intramuscular fat of breast muscle were tested. Correlations among IMF content and other traits were calculated. The results were as followings, the average IMF contents of the hybrids of different maternal lines in the same paternal line were not significantly different (P>0.05). The IMF contents did not differ between sexes in the same group (P>0.05). There were no rules existed in the correlations of IMF content with carcass and meat quality traits. Leg weight with leg muscle weight, breast muscle weight and wing weight were in high correlation.In experiment II. Three groups (n=1200) of Beijing Fatty and Recessive White Plymouth Rock and Beijing Fatty x Recessive White Plymouth Rock were raised. Forty chickens (half male, half female) were slaughtered at 14wks. Carcass traits and IMF, fat acid (FA), H2O, CP, pH value and shear force of breast muscle and leg muscle were measured, phenotypic correlations of IMF content and leg weight with other traits were calculated. The results showed that fat acid of chicken meat mainly consisted of oleic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, and stearic acid, amounting to 85%. Percentage of muscular USFA was much higher than that of SFA. PUFA and EFA content of Beijing Fatty were higher than those of Beijing Fatty X Recessive White Plymouth Rock, and Recessive White Plymouth Rock was the least. Ratio among SFA, MUFA and PUFA was about 1:1:1. Shear force, water hold capacity,Contents of IMF, H2O, MUFA and EFA in breast muscle were lower than those in leg muscle. Contents of CP, SFA and PUFA in breast muscle were higher than those in leg muscle. MUFA content of the female was higher than that of the male, reverse results were revealed for PUFA and EFA. The IMF contents did not differ between sexes in the same group (P>0.05). Negative correlation between IMF content and CP was high. There were no rules existed in the correlations of IMF content with carcass traits and meat quality traits. Leg weight with Leg muscle weight, breast muscle weight and wing weight was in high correlation.Maternal and sex effects on IMF content were less than those of paternal line. In order to produce commercial quality chicken, chickens with good meat quality could be selected as paternal lines and breeds with great growth rate as maternal lines. Only the male chickens were selected for IMF content measuring. The part was the main factor affecting meat quality traits. Leg muscle weight, breast muscle weight, and wing weight will increase with leg weight improvement in chicken breeding, so leg weight could represent leg muscle weight, breast muscle weight and wing weight as a selection goal. Chicken meat was nutritious. Beijing Fatty was better than Recessive White Plymouth Rock in meat quality. The results in this study would direct the breeding and production of quality chickens.