Inheritace Of Grain Protein Content And Its Correlation With Some Characters In Barley

The inheritace of the grain protein content (PC) and its correlation with some characters in barley were investigated by a 5 diallel design and 6 combinations' reciprocal cross. The main results were summarized as follows:(1) The PC of most F₁ combinations from 5² diallel design was more than ones of middle-parents. The heterosis of hybrid F₁ over better parent value often existed and the occurence rate of positive heterosis was 80%, and the heterosis was very obvious.(2) The cytoplasm effect of PC can be examined by t-test in 2 pairs of combinations among 6 ones from 6 combinations'reciprocal cross and 3 ones among 10 ones from diallel design, 2 ones of the latter 3 ones were related with the cultivar of Yangsimai-3.(3) The results of 5² diallel design indicated that the higher PC, the bigger the General combining ability (GCA). GCA of Yangsimai-3 was the biggest among 5 parents. PC was influenced by additive and non-additive effects, and mainly by additive effects.(4) The results of 5² diallel design indicated that the genetic expression of PC of barley was in accordance with additive-dominance model. The frequency of the dominant genes was higher than that of the recessive gene within these parents. The increasing alleles were dominant. Estimates of additive, dominant and environmental variances showed that the additive one is main.(5) The path coefficient analysis of parents showed that the order of the directeffects of other 5 characters to PC in parents was: kernels per spike(1.9362) > chlorophyll content (1.3136) > 1000-grain weight(0.0518) > spikes per plant(-0.3723) > plant height(-1.2715). The principal character for improving PC of the varieties for a special purpose in barley quality breeding is higher weight of grains and more spikes per plant. Besides, attentions should be paid to leaf colour (chlorophyll content), kernels per spike and plant height.(6) The distributions of PC in plant of F₂ , BC₁ and BC₁'plants indicated that PC were controlled by major genes and polygenes. There are mainly additive effect in major genes, and the GCV of polygenes varied with combinations and generations.(7)The correlation analysis of the some characters of F₂ population showed: â‘  there was positive correlatio between PC and chlorophyll content; (2) PC had negative correlation with 1000-grain weight.