Study On Biological Characteristic Of Gastrodia Elata BL.

Gastrodia elata Bl. belongs to Orehidaceae Gastrodieae, was a rare traditional Chinese medicine. This study based on G.elata　Bl. grew in Lueyang Shan'xi, studied morphological structures, blossom, pollination, tuber growth and tuber usage of asexual reproduction, and studied effect of production caused by different replaceable fungus timber and symbiotic fungus. The main results were as follows: 1. Microstructure of G. elata Bl. tuber showed the cells of tuber grew larger along with the developing period of juvenile tuber—immature tuber—mature tuber. 2. Recorded growth of G. elata Bl. stem and fructification, found length of scape and rachis, length and diameter of fruct accorded with conic. Low temperature could restrain blossom of G. elata Bl.. The study of artificial cross pollination showed there is no obvious differences between fruit set ratios of allogamy and self-pollination. But xenogamy is obviously better than self-pollination in seeds character and juvenile tuber yield.　3. Prophase of tuber growth was the period of asexual reproduction. New tuber grew rapidly but total weight not increased obviously. Along with the rise of temperature, both tuber weight and bulk increased rapidly.The study of tuber asexual reproduction showed exorbitant planting density and too big immature tuber as asexual reproductive materials were not good for G. elata Bl. reproduction. 10g immature tuber was the best materials used for asexual reproduction. 4. The study of comparison of replaceable fungus timber showed Cyclobalanopsis glauca Oerst. was the best material. Also, Betula platyphylla Suk. and Populus tomentosa could be substrate materials. The branch of Cyclobalanopsis glauca Oerst. could be substrate materials too without obvious effect of reproduction. 5. Cultured G. elata Bl. by different symbiotic fungus, and results showed GSF-2008 and Mycenadendrobii could increase yield more effectively than GSF-8104; and so did Am-815 compared with Am -234.