Ecology Study Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi From The Rhizospere Of Legume Species In Arid Region Of Northern Shanxi

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fung(iAMF)is one kind of beneficial microorganisms distributed in the soil extensively. Arbuscular mycorrhiza(AM) is defined as a mutualistic symbiosis between the majority plants and AMF. A large number of experiments indicate that AMF can promote soil nutriment circulation and utilize, improve soil physics and chemistry nature, stabilize and improve the soil structure. In this paper, we choose the Loess plateau and Maowusu sandland of northern Shanxi for 2 typical models districtly, opening exhibition the colonization and diversity of AMF from legume species in the arid region with soil factors. Researched work will offer technique guide to regulate plant relation among kind, influence community not to be performed and keep species the diversity and community stability. Main research results are as follows: 1. The experiment separate 26 AMF species of 4 genera, 7 belong toAcaulospora,1 belong to Gigasporn, 15 belong to Glomus, 3 belong to Scutellospora, among them;including 10 uncertain species from the survey areas. 2. The result shows that the diversity of AMF in arid region of northern Shanxi is rich. Spore density from the rhizosphere of legume species is higher, the average amount to 170.8/ 100g soil. Diversity of AMF in Loess plateau is higher than Maowusu sandland, from Loess plateau to Maowusu sandland of different steps degree lastly, appearing AMF trend to continuously reducing. Different plant category inside, Glomus is dominant genera, the next in order is Acaulospora, Gigaspora and Scutellospora are lower. 3. Geographical environment, host plants and soil factors affect the diversity and spatial distribution paterns of AMF. In different sample sites, the diversity and spore density of AMF is Sui de> Heng shan> Yan'an and Yu lin.With different host plants live together, Caragana Korshinskii>Astragalus adsurgens >Hedysarum fruticosum. The spore density tended to be correlated with some soil facts, such as soil pH,soil moisture, soil available P,soil available K and soil Cl-content. Sampling depth of soil had a significant effect on spore density, the highest spore density existing at the 10-20cm section in a soil layer generally. 4. The study indicates that legume species, such as Caragana Korshinskii, Astragalus adsurgens, Hedysarum fruticosum, have a high colonization rate in arid regions, the Total colonization is up to 66.8%, expressing that muti-symbiosis is very common between legume species and AMF, and both have grown stronger closely. 5. The research discovers that the colonization and spore density of AMF from different host plants in the same ecosystem obvious difference, Astragalus adsurgens> Hedysarum fruticosum>Caragana Korshinskii.Different ecosystem environment from the same host plant contain obvious difference, Sui de and Yu lin >Heng shan and Yan'an.The different extents colonization of AMF obvious difference.Vesicular and Hypha colonization are far higher than Arbuscular, the result is related with the process and character of different extents of AM. 6. The result expresses that the colonization of AMF is influenced by host plants, AMF diversity and soil factors. Spatial distribution of Vesicular colonization is stronger, but Aarbuscular and Hypha colonization have no significant difference in spatial distribution. Different sites, Vesicular colonization is higher in Shuide, the next is Yulin and Hengshan, Yan'an is lower; different host plants, Astragalus adsurgens>Hedysarum fruticosum> Caragana Korshinskii. Spore density has a positive correlation with Vesicular,Hypha and total colonization, a negative correlation with Arbuscular colonization. Vesicular colonization had a positive correlation with soil pH and a negative correlation with some soil facts,such as soil moisture, soil available K and soil Cl-content. Sampling depth of soil had a significant effect on the colonization of AMF, the highest colonization occurring at the 0-30cm section. 7 The most important detection is that the colonization coincide with spatial distribution paterns of AMF from the different host plants in the same ecosystem. Spore density and the colonization of AMF attain the biggest value in the 0-10cm section at the same time, lowering immediately, appearing the minimum in the 40-50cm section. But the colonization does not coincide with spatial distribution paterns of AMF from the same host plant in the different ecosystem; Vesicular and Arbuscular colonization in Yan'an,Vesicular and Hypha in Sui de is in accordance with the spore density; Arbuscular and Hypha colonization in Heng shan, Vesicular colonization in Yulin is in accordance with the spore density in the 20-50cm section, but is not in accordance with the spore density in the 0-20cm section. 8 This result suggests that the spore density and Vesicular colonization of AM are not only a valid examination index sign of the diversity and spatial distribution paterns of AMF, but also a strong instruction index sign of soil factors space to change in dry environment, can be used as micro-index of soil environmental monitoring in arid region.