Study On Run-off Planting Technology Of Proso In Semi-arid And Drought-inclined Areas

Proso is one of the main cereal crops of arid and semi-arid region in loess plateau because of its' advantages of short breeding time, drought-resistant, barren-resistant , nutritious, plant diseases and insect pests resistant and wide adaptability etc. In the plan of production for small quantity food, grains and development for area-characteristic agricultural, the production of proso has already become one of the most important big industry in South Ningxia mountain area in recent years. So, it is undoubtedly significant and meaningful to study the technology of how to improve the output of unit area and quality of proso.The area of arid and semi-arid region of China accounts for 52.5 percent of the the whole area of territory, it is important bases of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry of our country. Although with abundant sunlight resources and great productive potentialities in this area , natural conditions are harsh ,rareness and uneven season assign of precipitation, especially the frequent spring drought become a great obstacle of agricultural development in this area.Controled by monsoon climate, bursts of high strength shower in loess plateau often cause run-off of large farmland area .On the other hand, the more invalid precipitation fewer than 5mm cause untargeted flow loss such as run-off and evaporation. So, various kinds of run-off agriculture technology by using special means arise at the historic moment.The traditional run-off agricultural technology was often applied in the trench-slope areas, consisting of production run-off and gathering spaces. In the flat farmland with severe drought, it is rarely reported abroad on how to apply the principle of gathering water technology in surroundings to improve farmlands water condition in Semi-arid and Drought-inclined Areas.To improve the output of crops, small project and higher water using efficiency model by covering membrane to collect water is planed in local main crop--proso land. To study the water efficiency and production increase effect of proso, four kinds of ridge and furrow planting and five kinds of cover-treating methods are used in this experiment. The results showed that:1. Ridge and furrow planting correct water, improve root system's moisture condition, and hence remarkably increase proso production. Aid waterpermeation and helpful to keep water. The result show that mulching ridges with narrow furrow are better than mulching ridges with wide furrow and mulching ridges with wide furrow is better than non- mulching ridges with narrow furrow, non- mulching ridges with narrow furrow is better than non- mulching ridges with wide furrow. The ridge and furrow planting measure affects top soil's moisture earlier and dramatically while deep soil moisture late and slightly.2. The better affection of water collection of the ridge and furrow planting treatment, the better condition of the crops growing in the furrow. Whether could raise the output of the whole land, we should handle well the relation between water gathering and land utilization ratios. The result of this research also showed that the proso production increasing dealed by 2:1 of ridge to furrow is higher than that of 1:1, the production increasing extent dealed by mulching ridge is higher than that of non-ridge, and the production increasing extent of mulching ridges with narrow furrow is not higher than that of non-mulching treatment.3. The water consumption of ridge and furrow planting for proso varied greatly, it has little relation to ridge surface condition, the more water is needed of wide ridge than narrow ridge. The water using efficiency (WUE) has great relation to ridge surface condition, while has little relation to width of ridge, the WUE order by higher to lowest is mulching ridge, non-mulching ridge, untreated experiment.4.The results of proso planting experiment by using different membrane covering methods showed that the output of three ridge-furrow means treatment was the highest, and with the best economic benefits. It can be further practiced in more areas, and provide basis to big areas' demonstration and extension.5.Both level land mulch film, of bunch planting and side-film furrow planting can remarkably increase the proso output than that of contrast, we should choose and use it according to local conditions.