The Breeding Of Polyploid Codonopsis Pilosula (Franch) Nannf Cultivars

Codonopsis pilosula (Franch) Nannf is a kind of famous and important herbal medicine in china, which contains amino acids tiny deal chemical element and much sugar, which are essential in human body. It has high nourishment value and health care function, especially, it can increase immunity dint of mechanism and improve anti-disease ability. In this experiment, they were treated using L.D Can means with 0.2% colchicines solution. We researched the variation and CK by morphology and cytology methods, and found the plyploid. The experimental results were concluded as follows: (1) Obvious changes had taken place on the polyploid. Variant features were showed: the leaves appeared to be darkening green and became thicker than that of CK. The leaf shape index became smaller; The flowers became larger; The diameter of stems increased; The stanza became shorter and the growth period became longer; The fructify rate decreased but the thousand seeds high increased. (2) By cytology method, we could know the change of polyploid as follows: The stomata cell was larger and the number of stomata on a unit area of leaf in variant plants sharply reduced. The number of chloroplast in stomata was increased. The pollen became larger; The number of chromosome in mitoses cell was 2n=4x=32 and the number of CK was 2n=2x=16; Moreover. There were various multivalents in pollen mother cells during meiosis, such as trivalents and qusnrivalents. These results showed that it was autotetraploid. (3) The autotetraploid, got through this method, could use the advantages of multivalent to increase the yield and enhance the quality of it. Therefore, we hope to choose the purified autotetraploid new strain, from their generation, or they could become the parents in hybrid breeding.