Study On The Physiological And Biochemical Responses Of Three Bean Plants To Hypergravity

Mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek], soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill], adzuki bean[Vigna angularis (Willd) Ohwi]were used as plant materials in the experiment. Germinating bean seeds were treated with 2000×g, 3000×g for 4 hours, 5 hours and 6 hours. Then the germinated time, rate and characters expression were observed and recorded. The relevent physiological and biochemical indices were determined. The results showed as follows: 1. With the prolonged treatment time and increased gravity acceleration, germinating rate and index of each bean decreased in some degrees. In seedling period, the plant height decreased, the diameter of stem raised and the roots stronged. In maturing period, plant height, pod length and 100-grain weight decreased. The diameter of stem and each plant pods of adzuki bean increased than the control. 2.Under different hypergravity treatment, the content of chlorophyll, soluble protein, MDA and the activities of roots, dismutase (SOD), peroxidease (POD), catalyse (CAT) and succinic acid dehydrogenase were changed in mung bean, soybean and adzuki bean seedlings. Moreover, the changing tendency is different as well as the different treatment. 3.The number of bands, the activity of isozyme and the bands migration rate were different significantly by analysized the POD and esterase (EST) isozyme. 4.The patterns of chromosome in soybean SP1 seeds were not different from the control under the hypergravity treatment. 5.The suitable hypergravity treatment of mung bean seeds is under 2000×g, 4h, soybean seeds is under 3000×g, 4h and adzuki bean seeds is under 2000×g, 4h and 3000×g, 4h. The results indicated that: hypergravity treatment influenced the mechanism of physiological and biochemical and changed the gene expression and metabolism of materials. Under diferent treatment, the reflection of three bean plants was different from each other. The level of change was different, but the changing tendency was resemble of control. So we could conclude the technology of hypergravity can serve as a way of beans breeding.