Selecting And Identification Of A Set Of Primary Trisomics In Cabbage (B.olerace Var. Capitata L)

The inbred lines of diploid and triploid of the head cabbage (zhonggan-11) were used as materials for selecting primary trisomics of cabbage in this paper. By cytological identification and karyotype analysis, a set of primary trisomics (Tri-1~ Tri-9) of the cabbage was selected from progenies of the triploid crossed with the diploid parents. The plant morphological characteristics, meiosis behavior, pollen characters, seed setting, transmission frequency of n+1 female gametes and n+1 male gametes of the different trisomics were observed or studied. Conclusions were as followed:1. Karyotype analysis showed that the karyotype of the normal diploid cabbage (CK) was 2n=2x=18=8m+10sm(2SAT). And with the karyotype of the diploid cabbage as contract, by cytological and morphological identification and karyotype analysis , a whole set of trisomics (Tri-1 ~Tri-9 ) of the cabbage was selected from the 61 2n+l plant clones of 3xx2x, in which the 3 plant clones was Tri-1, 2 clones was tri-2, 5 clones was tri-3, 2 clones was tri-4, 3 clones was tri-5, 1 clones was tri-6, 6 clones was tri-7, 2 clones was tri-8, 3 clones was tri-9, and the rate was 4.92%, 3.28%, 8.19%, 3.28%, 4.92%, 1.64%, 9.84%, 3.28%, 4.92% respectively.2.Some difference in morphological or developmental characters existed between the diploid and the trisomics or among the different trilomics. Such as, Tri-1 with more strong ramification ability, and the flower branches slightness and erection; Tri-2 with incompact plant shape, curly flower branches, and longer branch and knote;Tri-3 with longer style, the anthers bellow the style obviously, the anther empty and shriveled; Tri-4 with four ridge flower buds, longer flower stalk and volute petal; Tri-5 with slighter and curved branches; Tri-6 with dwarf and compact plant shape and sub-veins indistinctly; Tri-7 with high and strong plant shape, late anthesis, bigger and round flower buds; Tri-8 with fewer and thick branches, and the flower buds showing a little purple; Tri-9 with small and thin leaves, and the anthesis showing earlier and relatively simultaneous. 3. Trivalent (III ) was the primary synapses form for the three homologues...