On Germplasmplasm Resource Of Gastrodia Elata BL.

Through　the　experimentation　in　the　library　and　the　field,this　paper　systemic　studied　the　three　forms　of　Gastrodia　elata　Bl.　in　the　following　aspects:　the　character　of　flowering,　the　yield　and　quality,　the　effects　of　pollination　time　on　the　fruits,　the　technique　of　cross　breeding,　the　relation　between　cultivated　methods　and　the　degeneration.　So　this　study　will　give　the　theory　for　the　using　of　Gastrodia　elata　Bl,　and　the　draw　up　of　its　SOP.　As　the　result　we　found:　1.There　were　obvious　differences　among　the　three　forms　in　the　flowering　character,　the　yield　and　the　quality.　G.　elata　Bl.　f.　glauca　S.Chow　has　the　longest　scape,　fruit　and　seed,　the　latest　flowering　and　fruiting　date,　and　the　mature　tuber　among　G.　elata　Bl.　has　the　lowest　ration　of　length　to　the　shoulder　round　and　the　least　node　quantity.　So　although　their　shapes　were　good,　the　yield　was　lowest.　G.　elata　Bl.　f.　elata　has　the　longest　rachis,　the　higest　quantity　of　fruit,　the　bigges　fruit　and　seed　diameter,　the　earliest　flowering　and　fruiting,　and　the　mature　tuber　of　G.　elata　Bl.　f.　elata　had　the　higest　quantity　and　merchandise　rate.　G.　elata　Bl.　f.　viridis　Makino　has　the　longest　flower　bud　and　embryo,　the　higest　total　yield　and　the　castrodin　content,the　biggest　embryo　diameter,the　shotrtest　anthesis　and　fruiting　period.　2.The　pollination　time　had　effects　on　the　fruit　,the　seed　and　the　embryo.　In　a　day,　along　with　the　pollination　time　changed　from　8:00　to　14:00,　the　weight　of　the　fruit　,the　length　and　diameter　of　the　fruit,　seed　and　embryo　decreased.　While,　from　14:00　to　20:00,　that　of　fruit,　seed　and　embryo　increased.　So　we　should　pollinate　before　10:00or　after　16:00.　When　we　pollinated　in　different　day　of　flowering,　we　foung　when　it　was　pollinated　in　the　first　flowering　day,　we　could　get　the　best　quality　fruit.　When　we　pollinated,　throwing　away　labellum　didn't　have　effect　on　the　fruit　and　seed,　but　could　save　time.　So　we　could　use　it　to　decrease　the　spend.　　3.When　we　crossed　the　three　forms,　we　found　the　offspring　of　the　cross　combination　of　G.　elata　Bl.　f.　glauca　S.　Chow♀×G.　elata　Bl.　f.　elata♂　was　best.　When　we　crossed　the　G.　elata　Bl.　from　different　places,　we　found　the　offspring　of　the　cross　combination　G.　elata　Bl.　from　Guizhou♀×G.　elata　　Bl.　from　Baishigou♂,　that　from　Xihuaiba♂　and　that　from　Zhangjiahe♂　were　better.　So　we　should　study　offspring　of　the　three　combinations　in　the　further　research.　4.Throung　the　study　of　the　cause　of　degenerate　during　asexual　reproduction,　we　found　there　was　closely　relation　between　the　management　and　degeneration.　The　old　seed,　old　wood　and　used　sand　could　lead　to　the　degeneration,　especially　the　used　sand.　So　we　should　use　the　new　seed,　old　wood　adding　stick　or　unused　sand.